Nanomaterial Effects on Soil Microorganisms

Karimi, Ebrahim; Fard, Ehsan Mohseni

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46835-8_5

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“… 33 Because Ag-NPs, even after prolonged exposure, may have no effect on the functional profile of the soil microbial population, IAA generation remained unaffected. 34 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus mojavensis, a Metal-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium, Improves Growth, Photosynthetic Attributes, Gas Exchange Parameters, and Alkalo-Polyphenol Contents in Silver Nanoparticle (Ag-NP)-Treated Withania somnifera L. (Ashwagandha)

et al. 2022

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Discharge of nanoparticles (NPs) into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems during manufacturing processes and from various commercial goods has become a significant ecotoxicological concern. After reaching soil systems, NPs cause deleterious effects on soil fertility, microbial activity, and crop productivity. Taking into consideration the medicinal importance of Withania somnifera (L.) (ashwagandha), the present study assessed the potential hazards of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and the toxicity amelioration by a metal-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR). Bacillus mojavensis BZ-13 (NCBI accession number MZ950923) recovered from metal-polluted rhizosphere soil, tolerated an exceptionally high level of Ag-NPs. The growth-regulating substances synthesized by B. mojavensis were increased with increasing concentrations (0–1000 μg mL –1 ) of Ag-NPs. Also, strain BZ-13 had the ability to form biofilm, produce alginate and exopolysaccharides (EPSs), as well maintain swimming and swarming motilities in the presence of Ag-NPs. Soil application of varying concentrations of Ag-NPs resulted in a dose-related reduction in growth and biochemical features of ashwagandha. In contrast, following soil inoculation, B. mojavensis relieved the Ag-NPs-induced phytotoxicity and improved plant productivity. Root, shoot length, dry biomass, and leaf area increased by 13, 17, 37, 25%, respectively, when B. mojavensis was applied with 25 mg/kg Ag-NPs when compared to noninoculated controls. Furthermore, the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index, photosystem efficiency (Fv/Fm), PS II quantum yield (FPS II), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NpQ), and total chlorophyll and carotenoid content of BZ-13-inoculated plants in the presence of 25 mg Ag-NPs/kg increased by 33, 29, 41, 47, 35, 26, and 25%, respectively, when compared to noninoculated controls that were exposed to the same amounts of NPs. In addition, a significant ( p ≤ 0.05) increase in 48, 18, 21, and 19% in withaferin-A (alkaloids), flavonoids, phenols, and tannin content, respectively, was recorded when plants were detached from bacterized and Ag-NP-treated plants. Leaf gas exchange parameters were also modulated in the case of inoculated plants. Furthermore, bacterial inoculation significantly decreased proline, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and Ag-NP’s absorption and build-up in phyto-organs. In conclusion, soil inoculation with B. mojavensis may possibly be used as an alternative to protect W. somnifera plants in soil contaminated with nanoparticles. Therefore, phytohormone and other biomolecule-synthesizing and NP-tolerant PGPR strains like B. mojavensis might serve as an agronomically significant and cost-effective remediation agent for augmenting the yield and productivity of med...

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“… 33 Because Ag-NPs, even after prolonged exposure, may have no effect on the functional profile of the soil microbial population, IAA generation remained unaffected. 34 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus mojavensis, a Metal-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium, Improves Growth, Photosynthetic Attributes, Gas Exchange Parameters, and Alkalo-Polyphenol Contents in Silver Nanoparticle (Ag-NP)-Treated Withania somnifera L. (Ashwagandha)

et al. 2022

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“…With the dramatic increase in the use of NPs, a new approach for the environmental risk assessment of NPs is urgently needed . Treatment of soil with NPs usually results in antimicrobial effect on certain valuable soil microorganisms in particular or overall microbial community . We are much concerned with the impact of NPs and their serious effects on microbial community structure and natural biodegradation process provided by endogenous bacterial populations in contaminated soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of NPs in water treatment facilities increased the concern that it might jeopardize ecosystems. NPs showed significant efficacy to remove microbial contaminants like bacteria, fungi, virus, molds, etc., owing to large surface to volume ratios offered by nanostructures . However, the difficulty of removing nanoparticles after the treatment is the biggest limitation in its use for practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of nanoparticles on transcriptional regulation of catabolic genes of petroleum hydrocarbon‐degrading bacteria in contaminated soil microcosms

et al. 2018

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This study was conducted to determine what effects nanoparticles (NPs) like TiO 2 , ZnO, and Ag may pose on natural attenuation processes of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. The solid NPs used were identified using x-ray diffraction technique and their average size was certified as 18.2, 16.9, and 18.3 nm for Ag-NPs, ZnO-NPs, and TiO 2 -NPs, respectively. NPs in soil microcosms behave differently where it was dissolved as in case of Ag-NPs, partially dissolved as in ZnO-NPs or changed into other crystalline phase as in TiO 2 -NPs. In this investigation, catabolic gene encoding catechol 2,3 dioxygenase (C23DO) was selected specifically as biomarker for monitoring hydrocarbon biodegradation potential by measuring its transcripts by RT-qPCR. TiO 2 -NPs amended microcosms showed almost no change in C23DO expression profile or bacterial community which were dominated by Bacillus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Microbacterium sp., Clostridium sp., beside uncultured bacteria, including uncultured proteobacteria, Thauera sp. and Clostridia. XRD pattern suggested that TiO 2 -NPs in microcosms were changed into other noninhibitory crystalline phase, consequently, showing the maximum degradation profile for most low molecular weight oil fractions and partially for the high molecular weight ones. Increasing ZnO-NPs concentration in microcosms resulted in a reduction in the expression of C23DO with a concomitant slight deteriorative effect on bacterial populations ending up with elimination of Clostridium sp., Thauera sp., and uncultured proteobacteria. The oil-degradation efficiency was reduced compared to TiO 2 -NPs amended microcosms. In microcosms, Ag-NPs were not detected in the crystalline form but were available in the ionic form that inhibited most bacterial populations and resulted in a limited degradation profile of oil, specifically the low molecular weight fractions. Ag-NPs amended microcosms showed a significant reduction (80%) in C23DO gene expression and a detrimental effect on bacterial populations including key players like Mycobacterium sp., Microbacterium sp., and Thauera sp. involved in the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. K E Y W O R D S biodegradation, catechol 2,3 dioxygenase, nanoparticles, RT-qPCR 166 |

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“…The oxygen radicals in TiO 2 NPs, employed in sunscreen, may nick supercoiled DNA. Photosensitive fullerenes may cleave ds-DNA when exposed to light, with potential mutagenic functions [ 155 ]. Nanoparticles and their ions may interfere with DNA replication and expression of genes, as Ag ions are found to prevent DNA replication [ 153 ].…”

Section: Nano-fertilizers Mitigate Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Nano-Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture under Climate Change for Global Food Security

et al. 2022

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Nano-fertilizers (NFs) significantly improve soil quality and plant growth performance and enhance crop production with quality fruits/grains. The management of macro-micronutrients is a big task globally, as it relies predominantly on synthetic chemical fertilizers which may not be environmentally friendly for human beings and may be expensive for farmers. NFs may enhance nutrient uptake and plant production by regulating the availability of fertilizers in the rhizosphere; extend stress resistance by improving nutritional capacity; and increase plant defense mechanisms. They may also substitute for synthetic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture, being found more suitable for stimulation of plant development. They are associated with mitigating environmental stresses and enhancing tolerance abilities under adverse atmospheric eco-variables. Recent trends in NFs explored relevant agri-technology to fill the gaps and assure long-term beneficial agriculture strategies to safeguard food security globally. Accordingly, nanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge agri-technology for agri-improvement in the near future. Interestingly, they do confer stress resistance capabilities to crop plants. The effective and appropriate mechanisms are revealed in this article to update researchers widely.

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Nanomaterial Effects on Soil Microorganisms

Cited by 16 publications

References 185 publications

Bacillus mojavensis, a Metal-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium, Improves Growth, Photosynthetic Attributes, Gas Exchange Parameters, and Alkalo-Polyphenol Contents in Silver Nanoparticle (Ag-NP)-Treated Withania somnifera L. (Ashwagandha)

Bacillus mojavensis, a Metal-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium, Improves Growth, Photosynthetic Attributes, Gas Exchange Parameters, and Alkalo-Polyphenol Contents in Silver Nanoparticle (Ag-NP)-Treated Withania somnifera L. (Ashwagandha)

Impact of nanoparticles on transcriptional regulation of catabolic genes of petroleum hydrocarbon‐degrading bacteria in contaminated soil microcosms

Recent Trends in Nano-Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture under Climate Change for Global Food Security

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