Nanocomposites based on epoxy resin and organoclay functionalized with a reactive modifier having structural similarity with the curing agent

Jagtap, Siddheshwar B.; Rao, V. Pandu Ranga; Barman, S.; Ratna, Debdatta

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.038

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This is consistent with the report by Jagtap et al 66 who described the significant role of polar amine group on catalyzation of the epoxy/amine reaction in clay filled epoxy composites.…”

Section: Dynamic Dsc Datasupporting

confidence: 93%

“…EAND and EOND, in this range of cure degree. As the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 carboxylation reduces the moisture content as mentioned in literature 64,66 , this behavior is more likely attributable to the higher content of moisture in UND which is able to promote the ring opening reaction at the early stage of reaction where the chemical species play the critical roles on the reaction rate. The lower , the activation energy of EOND becomes higher than that of EUND.…”

Section: Dynamic Dsc Datamentioning

confidence: 85%

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Cure Kinetics of Nanodiamond-Filled Epoxy Resin: Influence of Nanodiamond Surface Functionality

Aris

Shojaei

Bagheri

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Thermally oxidized nanodiamond (OND), amine functionalized ND (AND) and untreated ND (UND) were added to epoxy/TETA at 1 wt% loading. NDs enhanced dynamic storage modulus of epoxy while decreased glass transition temperature due to increment of free volume in vicinity of ND surfaces. NDs induced acceleration effect on curing reaction which could be due to functional groups of NDs and lack of any steric hindrance on molecules by ND particles themselves. Vyazovkin model-free isoconversional method indicated that all NDs decreased the activation energy, among them, AND showed the lowest value because of significant promotion of epoxide ring opening reaction by polar amino groups. Sestak-Berggren kinetics model was used to predict successfully the cure kinetics of epoxy/ND.

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“…This is consistent with the report by Jagtap et al 66 who described the significant role of polar amine group on catalyzation of the epoxy/amine reaction in clay filled epoxy composites.…”

Section: Dynamic Dsc Datasupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Dynamic Dsc Datamentioning

confidence: 85%

Cure Kinetics of Nanodiamond-Filled Epoxy Resin: Influence of Nanodiamond Surface Functionality

Aris

Shojaei

Bagheri

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[19][20][21][22][23] The nature of organic surfactant on processing and performance of epoxy/clay nanocomposites was widely discussed in recent reports. [24][25][26] In general, different parameters such as interface, cure rate, cure temperature and dispersion method, which determine the performance of epoxy/ clay nanocomposites, were studied by many researchers. [27][28][29][30] In epoxy/clay nanocomposites, anhydride-based curing agents are able to give different properties and morphology to the epoxy matrix with respect to amine cured systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Puglia

P³

et al. 2016

Materials Technology

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Epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrids were prepared with two different organically modified clays. Octadecyl amine and trimethyl stearyl ammonium-modified nanoclays (Nanomer I.30E and I.28E, respectively) were used. The dispersion of the nanoclay in binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and the observed morphological details were explained by the prediction of solubility parameter for each component in the nanocomposites. The effect of clay modifier on cure characteristics of binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was studied using rheological analysis. Glass transition temperatures (T g ) and thermal stability of binary and hybrid nanocomposites were also measured. The reduced cross-link density via epoxy homopolymerization, the plasticizing effect of clay modifier/dissolved liquid rubber and the interfacial adhesion between the polymer and the clay platelets were found to affect the Tg of epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid. In epoxy/clay/ CTBN hybrid, the thermal stability was mainly attributed to the presence of CTBN which hide the effect of clay modifiers.

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“…When it comes to moduli, it is argued that the moduli of nanocomposites could be improved by adding either m-clay or d-clay. It means that although interfacial adhesion could enhance nanocomposite properties, moduli are mostly controlled by some factors such as: (i) high aspect ratio of a single clay platelet, (ii) higher stiffness of fillers, and (iii) restriction of polymer chain mobility1119. As illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Results and Disccusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite achievements in the exfoliation of clay layers into polymer matrices, it has been repeatedly reported that plasticisation has devastating effects on some mechanical properties of polymers, in particular glass transition temperature ( T g ) of epoxy polymers. To reduce the plasticisation effects, strong interactions e.g., covalent bondings between clay modifiers with polymer matrix are inevitably required to be established at interface1819. In the case of epoxy polymers, it has been proven that the alkyl ammonium modifiers can catalyse self homo-polymerization of epoxide groups within clay layers, facilitating the exfoliation process20.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish DNA-modified clays: Towards highly flame retardant polymer nanocomposite with improved interfacial and mechanical performance

Zabihi

Ahmadi

Khayyam

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) has been recently found to be an efficient renewable and environmentally-friendly flame retardant. In this work, for the first time, we have used waste DNA from fishing industry to modify clay structure in order to increase the clay interactions with epoxy resin and take benefit of its additional thermal property effect on thermo-physical properties of epoxy-clay nanocomposites. Intercalation of DNA within the clay layers was accomplished in a one-step approach confirmed by FT-IR, XPS, TGA, and XRD analyses, indicating that d-space of clay layers was expanded from ~1.2 nm for pristine clay to ~1.9 nm for clay modified with DNA (d-clay). Compared to epoxy nanocomposite containing 2.5%wt of Nanomer I.28E organoclay (m-clay), it was found that at 2.5%wt d-clay loading, significant enhancements of ~14%, ~6% and ~26% in tensile strength, tensile modulus, and fracture toughness of epoxy nanocomposite can be achieved, respectively. Effect of DNA as clay modifier on thermal performance of epoxy nanocomposite containing 2.5%wt d-clay was evaluated using TGA and cone calorimetry analysis, revealing significant decreases of ~4000 kJ/m2 and ~78 kW/m2 in total heat release and peak of heat release rate, respectively, in comparison to that containing 2.5%wt of m-clay.

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Nanocomposites based on epoxy resin and organoclay functionalized with a reactive modifier having structural similarity with the curing agent

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

Cure Kinetics of Nanodiamond-Filled Epoxy Resin: Influence of Nanodiamond Surface Functionality

Cure Kinetics of Nanodiamond-Filled Epoxy Resin: Influence of Nanodiamond Surface Functionality

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Fish DNA-modified clays: Towards highly flame retardant polymer nanocomposite with improved interfacial and mechanical performance

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