Nano-porous architecture of N-doped carbon nanorods grown on graphene to enable synergetic effects of supercapacitance

Abstract

A novel nano-porous 3D architecture of N-doped carbon nanorods arrays grown on the surface of graphene has been prepared by carbonizing polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI-GO) composite with PANI nanorod arrays on both sides of GO nanosheets. The obtained carbon materials are entirely composed of regularly grown carbon nanorods on graphene with height of about 100 nm and width about 30 nm, showing porous property due to the decomposition of PANI chains. The morphology of PANI grown on GO at the different growth stages was investigated to demonstrate the mechanism of the finally hierarchical architecture formation. Due to its large specific surface area and incorporation of the nitrogen groups into the carbon matrix, the obtained 3D carbon material enhances the ionic transport and the super-capacitance by synergetic effect of both double-layer and faradaic capacitances. This study provides a controllable approach to fabricate hierarchical carbon material based on conducting polymers and graphene oxide with promising applications in the high-rate electrode material of supercapacitors.

Boosted Supercapacitive Energy with High Rate Capability of aCarbon Framework with Hierarchical Pore Structure in an Ionic Liquid

“…This may be relatedt ot he presence of oxygen and nitrogen groups in the C600A850 observedb yX -ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Figure S2 b). [29] In comparison, ah igh distorteds tructure was observed in the CV curve of the SC-DA850m aterial, even at al ow scan rate of 10 mV s À1 (Figure S3 a). At ac urrent density of 500 mA g À1 ,t he ohmic potential drop (IR drop) of both SC-C600A850 and SC-DA850 were negligible on the discharge curveso ft he GCD tests.…”

“…A small peak at approximately 2 V can also be observed on the discharge section of both the CV curve and the GCD curve (1 A g −1 ), indicating the presence of pseudocapacitance of SC‐C600A850. This may be related to the presence of oxygen and nitrogen groups in the C600A850 observed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Figure S2 b) . In comparison, a high distorted structure was observed in the CV curve of the SC‐DA850 material, even at a low scan rate of 10 mV s −1 (Figure S3 a).…”

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide and its Composite with Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

“…Supercapacitors, aimed at narrowing the gap between batteries and capacitors to form fast charging energy storage devices of intermediate specific energy, have attracted growing attention because of its high power density, fast charging-discharging processes and long cycle life [ 1 , 2 ]. The main materials used for supercapacitor electrode preparation include carbon materials, transition metal oxides, and conducting polymer [ 3 ]. Among carbon materials, graphene, a two-dimensional carbon material, has been widely applied in supercapacitors due to its very large surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and strong mechanical strength [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Methanol oxidation on Pt/CeO2@C–N electrocatalysts prepared by the in-situ carbonization of polyvinylpyrrolidone

“…6c corresponds to Nsp 2 C, one kind of bonding structures of the C-N bonds. The small peak at 287.77 eV reflects another bonding structure of the C-N bond, corresponding N-sp 3 C bond, [33] originating from substitution of the N atoms or defects Table 3). The lone pair electrons of the N atom can strengthen the support-metal interactions by forming a delocalized conjugated system with the sp 2 -hybridized carbon frameworks [34].…”

“…(2) the lone pair electrons of N atoms can form frameworks contributing to the interactions between metal and support, resulting in supreme electrical conductivity of the system of Pt/CeO 2 [33,34,[42][43][44][45]; (3) the incorporation of nitrogen into the carbon matrix can improve the Pt(0)/ Pt(IV) ratios due to the electron-donating effects that alleviated the PtO 2 (IV) reduction by reductive species such as CH 3 CHO during the methanol oxidation, [37,46] and once the oxides are reduced, Pt ions are formed and dissolved in the electrolyte that leads to accelerated corrosion of the catalyst [47,48].…”