NaClO4 added, corn and arrowroot starch based economical, high conducting electrolyte membranes for flexible energy devices

Abstract

The increasing flexible and wearable electronic technology, demands cost effective and flexible energy devices which are safe to human body. Hence the benign biodegradable materials are becoming important class of materials for wearable energy devices. Starch is one such potential host renewable polymer which is abundant in nature and economical. Being a food ingredient, it is safe for human body. Its properties depends upon the amylose and amylopectin content in it and hence two different starches, corn (~ 27% amylose) and arrowroot (~ 15% amylose) are modified by sodium salt (NaClO 4 ) and glutaraldehyde to develop flexible, transparent and free standing electrolyte membranes with high conductivity (> 10 -3 S/cm). They have wide electrochemical stability window (> 2 V reaching upto 3.5 V) and low ESR. The relaxation time is of the order of µs and the cyclic voltammetry has indicated EDLC type of charge storage. At low frequency, the values of C p /C s are approaching to 1, indicating that all the available charges are polarizable and contributing to charge storage. The resonance frequency and frequency (f −45°) at which phase angle is −45°, are in kHz frequency range, i.e. the working frequency range is quite high. Electrolytes having corn starch (i.e. greater amount of amylose) have better performance on every electrochemical figure of merit.

Design of a Boron-Containing PTHF-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Sodium-Ion Conduction with High Na+ Mobility and Salt Dissociation

“…The increase in NaClO 4 concentrations reduced the electrolytes’ strength and elongation tolerance. This phenomenon is due to the salt’s plasticizing nature, which decreases the matrix crystallinity by complexing with polymer chains. , This effect is likely to increase the mobility of charge carriers but can also be detrimental to the mechanical properties of the electrolyte.…”

Effect of Solid Polymer Electrolyte Based on Corn Starch and Lanthanum Nitrate on The Electrochemical Performance of Supercapacitor

“…Starch that has a high amylose content is considered more suitable for making starch and salt electrolytes. The straight structure of amylose allows the salt to bind more strongly to the starch, resulting in better conductivity and charge storage ability [9] Corn starch has advantages such as being biodegradable, lowcost, abundant in nature, non-toxic, and having a high solubility in water [10].…”