N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol as a new type of depigmenting agent for the melanoderma of patients with melasma

Jimbow, Kowichi

doi:10.1001/archderm.127.10.1528

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…NCAP is structurally similar to tyrosine and acts specifically in melanin-synthesizing cells as an alternative tyrosinase substrate [48,50,60]. Ferguson et al suggests that NCAP may undergo oxidation by tyrosinase to form a reactive o -quinone that is capable of alkylating thiol groups of essential enzymes, which may interfere with cell growth and proliferation [61].…”

Section: Attenuation Of Tyrosinase and Related Melanogenic Enzymes Camentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The author attributes this depigmentation to a decrease in the number of functional melanocytes and the number of melanosomes transferred to keratinocytes. NCAP is suggested to be a depigmenting agent that is less irritating and more stable than HQ, with specificity for melanin-synthesizing cells [60]. …”

Section: Attenuation Of Tyrosinase and Related Melanogenic Enzymes Camentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms Regulating Skin Pigmentation: The Rise and Fall of Complexion Coloration

Ebanks

Wickett

Boissy

2009

IJMS

246

177

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Skin pigmentary abnormalities are seen as aesthetically unfavorable and have led to the development of cosmetic and therapeutic treatment modalities of varying efficacy. Hence, several putative depigmenting agents aimed at modulating skin pigmentation are currently being researched or sold in commercially available products. In this review we will discuss the regulation of processes that control skin complexion coloration. This includes direct inhibition of tyrosinase and related melanogenic enzymes, regulation of melanocyte homeostasis, alteration of constitutive and facultative pigmentation and down-regulation of melanosome transfer to the keratinocytes. These various processes, in the complex mechanism of skin pigmentation, can be regulated individually or concomitantly to alter complexion coloration and thus ameliorate skin complexion diseases.

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Section: Attenuation Of Tyrosinase and Related Melanogenic Enzymes Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attenuation Of Tyrosinase and Related Melanogenic Enzymes Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Regulating Skin Pigmentation: The Rise and Fall of Complexion Coloration

Ebanks

Wickett

Boissy

2009

IJMS

246

177

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“…This phenolic compound is a substrate for tyrosinase and it is effective against functioning melanocytes with active synthesis of melanin. According to the authors, «-acetyl-4-5cysteaminyiphenol Is much more stable and less irritating than hydroquinone [17].…”

Section: A Phenolic Compounds (4-isopropylcatechol and 4-hydroxyanismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melasma. Classification and treatment

Katsambas

Antoniou

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Melasma is a cosmetic problem that sometimes causes great emotional suffering. The tv^-o most important causative factors are sunlight and getietic predisposition. Moreover, natural and synthetic estrogens, the use of certain drugs and the use of cosmetics with certain components have been implicated as etiologic factors. For the treatment of melasma, the elimination of the factors that are associated with the abnormality of pigmentation, is essential (discontinuation of birth control pills, avoidance of sun exposure). From the many medications that have been used in the treatment of melasma, Hydroquinone alone at a concentration of 2-5%, or in combination with tretinoin or tretinoin and corticosteroids, is now the most widely used preparations. New phenolic compounds and Azelaic acid are also used. Medium depth chemical peeling alone or in combination with other bleaching agents has also been tried with success in some cases. Finally, the use of lasers is discussed. 0926-9959/95/509.50 0 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDl 0926-9959(95)00049-6

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“…Superficial peel. Tretinoin at 1% strength is applied for 4 h once a week, for 12 weeks [ 91 , 92 ] – MA Superficial peel. MA at 30–50% applied weekly or biweekly and used as a face wash at 2% Available in algae extract gel or lotion base at 2–10% in isolation or in combination with vitamins C and E. Less erythema and synergistic effect with laser [ 53 , 93 ] Phytic acid Applied once a week but can be repeated twice a week for accelerated effect.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Treatment for Melasma: Expert Opinion and a Review

Shankar

Godse²,

Aurangabadkar³

et al. 2014

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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IntroductionMelasma is one of the most common pigmentary disorders seen by dermatologists and often occurs among women with darker complexion (Fitzpatrick skin type IV–VI). Even though melasma is a widely recognized cause of significant cosmetic disfigurement worldwide and in India, there is a lack of systematic and clinically usable treatment algorithms and guidelines for melasma management. The present article outlines the epidemiology of melasma, reviews the various treatment options along with their mode of action, underscores the diagnostic dilemmas and quantification of illness, and weighs the evidence of currently available therapies.MethodsA panel of eminent dermatologists was created and their expert opinion was sought to address lacunae in information to arrive at a working algorithm for optimizing outcome in Indian patients. A thorough literature search from recognized medical databases preceded the panel discussions. The discussions and consensus from the panel discussions were drafted and refined as evidence-based treatment for melasma. The deployment of this algorithm is expected to act as a basis for guiding and refining therapy in the future.ResultsIt is recommended that photoprotection and modified Kligman’s formula can be used as a first-line therapy for up to 12 weeks. In most patients, maintenance therapy will be necessary with non-hydroquinone (HQ) products or fixed triple combination intermittently, twice a week or less often. Concomitant camouflage should be offered to the patient at any stage during therapy. Monthly follow-ups are recommended to assess the compliance, tolerance, and efficacy of therapy.ConclusionThe key therapy recommended is fluorinated steroid containing 2–4% HQ-based triple combination for first line, with additional selective peels if required in second line. Lasers are a last resort.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13555-014-0064-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol as a new type of depigmenting agent for the melanoderma of patients with melasma

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanisms Regulating Skin Pigmentation: The Rise and Fall of Complexion Coloration

Mechanisms Regulating Skin Pigmentation: The Rise and Fall of Complexion Coloration

Melasma. Classification and treatment

Evidence-Based Treatment for Melasma: Expert Opinion and a Review

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