Myocardial ultrastructure of rats fed high and low erucic acid rapeseed oils

Yamashiro, S.; Clandinin, Michael T.

doi:10.1016/0014-4800(80)90007-6

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Certain fatty acids/lipids also can have toxic effects and warrant further investigation. For example, erucic acid (erucate), which was significantly higher in all dogs eating NT diets compared to all dogs eating T diets, and nominally higher in all dogs with DCM compared to all controls (and in DCM-NT vs. DCM-T), has been associated with myocardial lipidosis, necrosis, and fibrosis 63 . 9,10-Epoxyoctadecenoic acid (also known as leukotoxin or 9,10-EpOME) is derived from linoleic acid and has been shown to have toxic effects on the heart in dogs 64 , 65 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Metabolomic profiling in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy eating non-traditional or traditional diets and in healthy controls

Smith

Parnell

Lai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), caused by genetic and environmental factors, usually progresses to heart failure, a major cause of death in elderly people. A diet-associated form of DCM was recently identified in pet dogs eating non-traditional (NT) diets. To identify potential dietary causes, we analyzed metabolomic signatures and gene set/pathway enrichment in (1) all dogs based on disease, diet, and their interactions and (2) dogs with DCM based on diet. Metabolomic analysis was performed in 38 dogs with DCM eating NT diets (DCM-NT), 8 dogs with DCM eating traditional diets, 12 healthy controls eating NT diets, and 17 healthy controls eating traditional diets. Overall, 153 and 63 metabolites differed significantly between dogs with DCM versus healthy controls and dogs eating NT versus traditional diets, respectively, with 12 metabolites overlapping both analyses. Protein–protein interaction networks and gene set enrichment analysis identified 105 significant pathways and gene sets including aging-related pathways (e.g., nuclear factor-kappa B, oxidative damage, inflammation). Seventeen metabolites differed significantly in dogs with DCM eating NT versus traditional diets (e.g., fatty acids, amino acids, legume biomarkers), suggesting different mechanisms for primary versus diet-associated DCM. Our multifaceted metabolomic assessment of DCM in dogs highlighted diet’s role in some forms of DCM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Metabolomic profiling in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy eating non-traditional or traditional diets and in healthy controls

Smith

Parnell

Lai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…de Wildt and Speijers (1984) Erucic acid in feed and food 0, 0.3 or 6 (c) Growth rate: decrease after 6 months in males and after 2 or 3 months in females receiving HEAR Heart: weight increase in HEAR and LEAR, myocardium lesions after 6 months (90% in males for both LEAR and HEAR groups and 20% and 70% in females, for LEAR and HEAR, respectively) Liver: weight increase in HEAR and LEARKidneys: weight increase in HEAR and LEARSpleen: weight increase in HEAR and LEAR Rocquelin and Cluzan (1968) 18 or 28 weeks Males (Sprague-Dawley) (10/group) EA-oils: 20% SBO (0% EA), 20% LEAR (0.9% EA) or 20% HEAR (30.9% EA) 0, 0.16 or 5.6 (c) Heart: dose-related alteration of mitochondrial morphology, disorganisation of myofibrils, degeneration or necrosis of cardiac muscle fibres in rats receiving RSO. Incidences of necrosis: 16 weeks: 0/10, 5/10 and 9/10, 28 weeks: 0/10, 6/10 and 10/10, for SBO, LEAR and HEAR, respectively Yamashiro and Clandinin (1980) Erucic acid in feed and food after 2 and mainly after 7 months: Many foci of myocardial degeneration. Marked drop in the lipidosis (practically disappeared).…”

Section: Ea)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Houtsmuller et al (1970) have described the impaired oxidative capacity of the heart mitochondria after exposure of rats for 6 weeks to HEAR oil. Mitochondrial damage (megamitochondria, mitochondrial proliferation, increase in the average volume, distortion of shape, degeneration of crista), and disorganisation of myofibrils have been reported after exposure of male rats to rapeseed oil for several months (Bhatnagar and Yamashiro, 1979;Yamashiro and Clandinin, 1980). Charlton et al (1975) reported that cardiac lipidosis in rats fed a variety of rapeseed oil was more severe in the ventricular walls and interventricular septum than in the atrial walls.…”

Section: Cardiac Lipidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Erucic acid is the trivial name of the fatty acid cis-13-docosenoic acid and occurs at high concentrations mainly in the seeds of species of the Brassicaceae (e.g. rape seed or mustard seed). The European Commission requested EFSA to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of erucic acid in feed and food. For most humans, the main contributor to dietary exposure to erucic acid was the food group 'Fine bakery wares'. In 'Infants', 'Food for infants and small children' was the main contributor to exposure. The heart is the principal target organ for toxic effects after exposure. Myocardial lipidosis was identified as the critical effect for chronic exposure to erucic acid. This effect is reversible and transient during prolonged exposure. A tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for erucic acid was established, based on a no observed adverse effect level of 0.7 g/kg bw per day for lipidosis in young rats and newborn piglets. Mean chronic exposure of the different groups of the population did not exceed the TDI. The two highest 95th percentile dietary exposure levels were observed for infants (ranging from 1.7 to 7.4 mg/kg bw per day, minimum lower bound (LB) -maximum upper bound (UB)) and other children (ranging from 2.1 to 9.5 mg/kg bw per day, minimum LB -maximum UB), the last max UB estimate being above the TDI. This may indicate a risk for young individuals with high erucic acid exposure. In pigs, levels of erucic acid are unlikely to represent a health concern. However, for poultry, the small margin between the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) and the estimated exposure may indicate a health risk where maximum inclusion rates are applied. Due to the absence of adequate data, the risk for ruminants, horses, fish and rabbits could not be assessed.

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“…Samples were postfixed in 2.0% osmium tetroxide and embedded in epoxy resin. 17 Ultrathin sections (90 nm) were cut with an ultramicrotome and contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The sections were mounted on copper grids and examined in a Jeol 100 S transmission microscope at 80 kV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural and Immunologic Characteristics of Mouse × Cattle Xenogeneic Hybridomas Originating from Bovine Leukemia Virus-infected Cattle

Saini¹,

Kaushik²,

Basrur³

et al. 2003

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Nine percent of xenogeneic hybridomas originating from a bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected cow secreted monoclonal IgM antibodies with multispecific reactivity. Similar reactivity was evident in some antibodies with an unusually long (Ͼ 50 amino acids) third complementarity-determining region of the heavy chain. Electron microscopy of hybridomas demonstrated the presence of c-type virus particles consistent with polymerase chain reaction detection of BLV env gene. Some hybridomas contained dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and cisternae filled with moderately electron-dense granular substance compatible with plasma cells at presecretory stage. The number of chromosomes in xenogeneic hybridomas corresponded to the sum total of mouse and bovine chromosomes. None of the hybridomas showed polyploidy. The immunochemical and genetic analysis of stable bovine immunoglobulin-secreting xenogeneic hybridomas confirms that BLV infection causes polyclonal B cell activation regardless of antigen specificity. Presence of c-type particles in hybridomas suggests that T cell-derived cytokines are not required for sustained BLV expression.

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Myocardial ultrastructure of rats fed high and low erucic acid rapeseed oils

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Metabolomic profiling in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy eating non-traditional or traditional diets and in healthy controls

Metabolomic profiling in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy eating non-traditional or traditional diets and in healthy controls

Erucic acid in feed and food

Ultrastructural and Immunologic Characteristics of Mouse × Cattle Xenogeneic Hybridomas Originating from Bovine Leukemia Virus-infected Cattle

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