Mycetoma (madura foot) in the United Kingdom-a survey of forty-four cases

Hay, R. J.; Mackenzie, D. W. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1983.tb01823.x

Cited by 61 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Members of the genus Actinomadura are the most frequently reported causes of actinomycetoma in certain geographic locations (599,600), whereas other actinomycetes such as Streptomyces spp. may cause mycetomas in other geographic areas (305,599,600,604,659,669 (78). Since this survey, several additional analyses have been presented in the literature that indicate that the incidence of nocardial diseases has been underestimated and is increasing (122,263,585).…”

Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycetomas caused by fungi are called eumycetomas, whereas those caused by the actinomycetes are actinomycetomas (305,599,600,604,659,669). At least half of the mycetomas reported in the world literature are caused by actinomycetes, and the majority of these are caused by Nocardia spp.…”

Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organism may spread from the primary site of inoculation through the lymphatics to the regional lymph nodes, resulting in lymphocutaneous nocardiosis (47, 101, 225, 311, 471-473, 570, 591, 606, 674, 721, 722, 736 (305). The disease process usually begins at the site of a localized injury such as a puncture wound caused by a thorn or a splinter.…”

Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

1994

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The nocardiae are bacteria belonging to the aerobic actinomycetes. They are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide. The type species, Nocardia asteroides, and N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. nova, and N. transvalensis cause a variety of diseases in both normal and immunocompromised humans and animals. The mechanisms of pathogenesis are complex, not fully understood, and include the capacity to evade or neutralize the myriad microbicidal activities of the host. The relative virulence of N. asteroides correlates with the ability to inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion in phagocytes; to neutralize phagosomal acidification; to detoxify the microbicidal products of oxidative metabolism; to modify phagocyte function; to grow within phagocytic cells; and to attach to, penetrate, and grow within host cells. Both activated macrophages and immunologically specific T lymphocytes constitute the major mechanisms for host resistance to nocardial infection, whereas B lymphocytes and humoral immunity do not appear to be as important in protecting the host. Thus, the nocardiae are facultative intracellular pathogens that can persist within the host, probably in a cryptic form (L-form), for life. Silent invasion of brain cells by some Nocardia strains can induce neurodegeneration in experimental animals; however, the role of nocardiae in neurodegenerative diseases in humans needs to be investigated.

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Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cns Nocardiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

1994

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“…(56,184,225 (52,53), burn (18), trauma (228), and immunosuppression (19,52,263). Several types of clinical lesions have been noted on the skin, including granulomas (19,215), ulcers (114), necrosis (18), pustules (46), vesicles (228), painful nodules (263), mycetomas (17,86,188), and panniculitis (170).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

1994

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There are several taxonomic systems available for identifying Fusarium species. The philosophy used in each taxonomic system is discussed as well as problems encountered in working with Fusarium species in culture. Fusarium species are toxigenic, and the mycotoxins produced by these organisms are often associated with animal and human diseases. The implications for the association of the carcinogens, fumonisins, produced by Fusarium moniliforme and other Fusarium species with human diseases are discussed. Foreign-body-associated fusarial infection such as keratitis in contact lens wearers, onychomycosis, skin infections, and disseminated multiorgan infections are discussed. Disseminated fusarial hyalohyphomycosis has emerged as a significant, usually fatal infection in the immunocompromised host. Successful outcome is determined by the degree of immunosuppression, the extent of the infection, and the presence of a removable focus such as an indwelling central venous catheter. These infections may be clinically suspected on the basis of a constellation of clinical and laboratory findings, which should lead to prompt therapy, probably with one of the newer antifungal agents. Perhaps the use of such agents or the use of colony-stimulating factors may improve the outcome of this devastating infection. However, until new approaches for treatment develop, effective preventive measures are urgently needed.

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“…This was an atypical presentation of mycetoma. Similar cases of mycetoma without discharging sinuses were reported separately by Hay et al [5]and Sudipta Saha et al [6]. In the treatment of mycetoma, antibiotic or antifungal like Fluconazole is used, whereas surgery is done in special cases [7]especially for eumycetoma lesions in the extremities [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Rare Case of Mycetoma Foot without any Discharging Sinuses: A Case Report

2016

IJSR

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Mycetoma is a type of a slowly progressive chronic subcutaneous infection caused by actinomycetes or true fungi. A local trauma like cut or splinter can cause the infection leading to a granulomatous reaction. Infection tracks through skin, facial planes and can sometimes involve the underlying bone. Most commonly the foot is involved but also hands, back or shoulders can be involved.A 43 year old male, with ankle and foot swelling, with no discharging sinuses was studied at our institute. Initially, provisional diagnosis of tuberculous osteomyelitis was made, which latter turned out be mycetoma.

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Mycetoma (madura foot) in the United Kingdom-a survey of forty-four cases

Cited by 61 publications

References 4 publications

Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

Rare Case of Mycetoma Foot without any Discharging Sinuses: A Case Report

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