Muscle Strength Rather Than Muscle Mass Is Associated With Standing Balance in Elderly Outpatients

Bijlsma, Astrid Y.; Pasma, Jantsje H.; Lambers, Dorine; Stijntjes, Marjon; Blauw, Gerard J.; Meskers, Carel G.M.; Maier, Andrea B.

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.02.001

Cited by 59 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Muscle strength was assessed using maximal handgrip strength in kilograms by hand dynamometry (JAMAR hand dynamometer; Sammons Preston, Inc., Bolingbrook, Ill., USA) [6,15]. Physical performance was assessed by gait speed measured during a 6-minute walking test in healthy elderly participants performed as fast as possible in Finland, Estonia, France and the UK and at normal pace in the Netherlands [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Healthy Elderly Participants and Geriatric Outpatients

et al. 2015

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Background: A consensus on the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, a common syndrome in the elderly, has not been reached yet. Prevalence rates vary between studies due to the use of different criteria encompassing different measures, correction factors and cutoff points. Objective: This study compared prevalence rates of sarcopenia using nine sets of diagnostic criteria applied in two different elderly populations. Methods: The study population encompassed 308 healthy elderly participants (152 males, 156 females; mean age 74 years) and 123 geriatric outpatients (54 males, 69 females; mean age 81 years). Diagnostic criteria included relative muscle mass, absolute muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Results: Prevalence rates of sarcopenia varied between 0 and 15% in healthy elderly participants and between 2 and 34% in geriatric outpatients. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrates the dependency of sarcopenia prevalence rates on the applied diagnostic criteria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Healthy Elderly Participants and Geriatric Outpatients

et al. 2015

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“…The most common method in literature involves indirect estimates to assess the body composition using anthropometric data, such as the Body Mass Index (BMI), and bioimpedance. 9,10 However, Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is a more precise method and is the gold standard for assessments of body composition. This method can quantify fat content, muscle mass and body bone mass more accurately, especially among the elderly population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle mass in elderly men and women has been assessed using bioimpedance and plethysmography, with the only correlation found with balance in the tandem position. 8,10 Therefore, it is not yet known if muscle mass (assessed using DXA) and/or sarcopenia affect the factors involved in the risk of falls among the elderly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of sarcopenia and their relation to intrinsic and extrinsic factors relating to falls among active elderly women

Rossetin

Rodrigues

Gallo

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Introduction: Musculoskeletal aging can impair functional performance increasing the risk of falls. Objective: To analyze the correlation between sarcopenia and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in falls among community-dwelling elderly women. Method: A cross-sectional study evaluated the number of falls of 85 active community-dwelling elderly women in the previous year and then divided them into two groups: non-fallers (n=61) and fallers (n=24). The sarcopenia indicators assessed were gait speed (GS, 10m); handgrip strength (HS); calf circumference; appendicular muscle mass index (DXA). Intrinsic factors: Mental State Examination (MSE); visual acuity; depression (GDS-30); hip, knee (Lequesne) and ankle/foot (FAOS) pain/function; vestibular function (Fukuda test); functional mobility and risk of falls (TUG); power (sitting and standing five times); gait (treadmill); fear of falling (FES-I-Brazil). Extrinsic factors: risk/security features in homes. The independent t test was applied for comparisons between groups and the Pearson and Spearman tests were used for correlations (p<0.05). Results: There was a moderate correlation between HS and GS in non-fallers (r=0.47; p=0.001) and fallers (r= 0.54; p=0.03). There was a moderate negative correlation (r= -0.52; p=0.03) between FES-I-Brazil and gait cadence in fallers. There was a greater presence of stairs ( p=0.001) and throw rugs ( p=0.03) in the homes of fallers than non-fallers. Conclusion: The elderly women were not sarcopenic. Elderly fallers presented inferior gait cadence and a greater fear of falling. Residential risks were determining factors for falls, and were more relevant than intrinsic factors in the evaluation of falls among active community-dwelling elders.

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“…The remaining study assessed speed of forward and backward step 30 as the outcome measure. Because speed of forward and backward step is an important predictor of falling and has been shown to be closely associated with functional balance, 23,31 an effect size for this outcome measure was calculated and used in the meta-analysis alongside the five effect sizes for functional balance. As with functional balance, an average effect size was calculated in the case of several different measures of the same construct.…”

Section: Effect Size Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Effective Are Active Videogames Among the Young and the Old? Adding Meta-analyses to Two Recent Systematic Reviews

RietJonathan

CrutzenRik

2014

Games for Health Journal

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Objective: Two recent systematic reviews have surveyed the existing evidence for the effectiveness of active videogames in children/adolescents and in elderly people. In the present study, effect sizes were added to these systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were performed. Materials and Methods: All reviewed studies were considered for inclusion in the meta-analyses, but only studies were included that investigated the effectiveness of active videogames, used an experimental design, and used actual health outcomes as the outcome measures (body mass index for children/adolescents [k = 5] and functional balance for the elderly [k = 6]). Results: The average effect of active videogames in children and adolescents was small and nonsignificant: Hedges' g = 0.20 (95 percent confidence interval, -0.08 to 0.48). Limited heterogeneity was observed, and no moderator analyses were performed. For the effect of active videogames on functional balance in the elderly, the analyses revealed a medium-sized and significant effect of g = 0.68 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.13-1.24). For the elderly studies, substantial heterogeneity was observed. Moderator analyses showed that there were no significant effects of using a no-treatment control group versus an alternative treatment control group or of using games that were especially created for health-promotion purposes versus off-the-shelf games. Also, intervention duration and frequency, sample size, study quality, and dropout did not significantly moderate the effect of active videogames. Conclusions: The results of these meta-analyses provide preliminary evidence that active videogames can have positive effects on relevant outcome measures in children/adolescents and elderly individuals.

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Muscle Strength Rather Than Muscle Mass Is Associated With Standing Balance in Elderly Outpatients

Cited by 59 publications

References 45 publications

The Impact of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Healthy Elderly Participants and Geriatric Outpatients

The Impact of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Healthy Elderly Participants and Geriatric Outpatients

Indicators of sarcopenia and their relation to intrinsic and extrinsic factors relating to falls among active elderly women

How Effective Are Active Videogames Among the Young and the Old? Adding Meta-analyses to Two Recent Systematic Reviews

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