Muscle spindles in elongation of the extremity: Proprioceptive conflict or activity deficit?

Шевцов, В. И.; Сайфутдинов, М. С.; Чикорина, Н. К.

doi:10.1007/s10517-008-0235-y

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“…Arutyunyan and Nasledov [47] believe that this atypi cal distribution of the muscle tone in decerebrated animals described by Frankshtein may result from dis tortion of the proprioceptive afferent input from the affected extremity because of the involvement of peripheral mechanoreceptor structures in the patho logical process. Undoubtedly, weakening or distortion of the proprioceptive control, which we have con firmed by kinesthesiometric data and which is related, in particular, to the effect of partial deafferentation of the lengthened extremity [48][49][50], may lead to various disturbances in the system of voluntary and reflex con trol of movements, with the breakdown of the coordi nation in the system of control of the antagonist mus cle's contractile activity being a factor in these distur bances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Voluntary control of muscle tension in lengthened and intact limbs in different ranges of force load

Шеин

Криворучко

2012

Hum Physiol

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The effect of the force load on the coordination structure of human spatial movements has been dem onstrated by a series of studies on the ergonomic pro file. For example, Semenov [1] and Chekirda [2] observed an improvement of sensorimotor perfor mance in subjects with a moderately loaded arm. Farfel' [3] and Komarov [4] assumed that large force loads (more than 50% of the maximum muscle force) decreased the movement precision. Lyubomirskii [5] demonstrated a dependence of the strength and preci sion of hits with a hammer on the weight of the ham mer head in 11 to 14 year old schoolchildren (the precision was the lowest for the lightest and the heavi est hammers). These data indicate that a moderate load improves the coordination of movements per formed under the conditions of auxotonic muscle contractions. Lyubomirskii [5] assumes that these relationships are also true for precision movements performed in modes close to isometric. The effect of the changes in the structural and functional character istics of muscles on the coordination structure of pre cision movements in a different range of force loads also remains an open question.The objectives of this study were to estimate the asymmetries of the integrated parameters of visuomo tor tracking with the use of isometric control organs in patients in different periods after surgical elimination of a difference between the lengths of the lower extremities and to test the hypothesis that there is a range of isometric loads where subjects organize vol untary control of muscle tension with the maximum precision and minimum specific energy expenditure. METHODSTwenty three patients aged 15-35 years (6 men and 17 women) with shortening of a leg of different eti ologies were subjected to integrated examination using dynamometric, visuomotor tracking, kinesthesiomet ric, and global and local electromyographic methods. The sample was distributed with respect to the etiology of the shortening of the extremity as follows: conse quences of tuberculosis of bones and joints, 11; osteo myelitis, 3; congenital malformations, 9. The Ilizarov distraction apparatus was used to lengthen the lower leg by 4-17 (8.6 ± 0.7) cm, which corresponded to 13-68 (28.7 ± 3.2)% of the initial length of the seg ment. The mean rate of distraction varied from 0.8 to 2.2 (1.2 ± 0.1) mm/day; the durations of distraction and fixation were 44-178 (76 ± 8) and 53-237 (101 ± 10) days, respectively. After removal of the Ilizarov apparatus, immobilization with a plaster dressing was used in 17 cases; the duration of immobilization was 15-117 (50 ± 5) days. Eight subjects were examined once; 15 subjects, twice; 20 examinations were per formed within 296 to 430 (330 ± 29) days and 18 exam inations, within 616 to 870 (747 ± 59) days after the removal of the Ilizarov apparatus or the plaster dress Abstract-Data confirming the hypothesis that there is a range of isometric loads where subjects organize voluntary control of muscle tension with the maximum precision and minimum specific energy expenditure are p...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%