Muscle function and functional ability improves more in community-dwelling older women with a mixed-strength training programme

Capodaglio, Paolo; Capodaglio, E; Ferri, Alessandra; Scaglioni, Gil; Marchi, Alberto; Saibene, Francesco

doi:10.1093/ageing/afi050

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although most studies reported that multicomponent training can help to maintain and improve endurance performance in elderly [2,4,34,35] , no significant increase in 6-min walk test performance was found in the present study. The reasons for this inconsistency might be the differences in methods used to determine aerobic endurance, intensity and the nature of training between the present study and previous studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

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Training and Detraining Effects on Functional Fitness after a Multicomponent Training in Older Women

Carvalho

Marques²,

Mota³

2008

Gerontology

122

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Background: Several studies have been carried out in order to evaluate the potential influence of increased physical activity on the health, biological ageing and functional ability of the elderly. However, only limited information is available on the effects of multicomponent training and detraining on functional performance. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8-month multicomponent training and 3-month detraining on the functional fitness of older women. Methods: Fifty-seven women were randomly assigned to an exercise (n = 32; 68.4 ± 2.93 years) or a control group (n = 25; 69.6 ± 4.20 years). The training program consisted of 2 sessions per week of aerobic, strength, balance and flexibility exercises. The functional fitness test battery was performed to assess the physical parameters associated with independent functioning in older adults. Results: No significant changes were observed in body mass index and cardiovascular endurance as a result of the exercise training. Training induced significant (p < 0.05) improvements in chair stand (27.3%), arm curl (17.4%), chair sit-and-reach (17.4%), up-and-go (11%) and back scratch (14.5%) tests. However, both upper and lower body strength and upper and lower flexibility declined significantly after detraining in the exercise group. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the negative effects of interrupting exercise on several physical parameters of functional fitness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…The improvements in agility/dynamic balance support the concept that older adults are able to improve their agility and balance by multicomponent training [2,4,30,34] . Probably, these agility/dynamic balance improvements might be related to increased muscular strength observed during the training period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Training and Detraining Effects on Functional Fitness after a Multicomponent Training in Older Women

Carvalho

Marques²,

Mota³

2008

Gerontology

122

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“…From this viewpoint, determining the characteristics of the electromyographic reaction time of the foot and examining their time-dependent variation may be important for the understanding of qualitative changes in balance function. Furthermore, as reported in previous studies 5,10,19) , the fact that the influence of aging on balance function involves a decreased muscle contraction velocity due to a decline in muscle strength suggests the possibility of maintaining and improving the balance function of the elderly by strengthening the muscles of the ankle joint. In line with these results, further studies will be conducted to examine the effect of muscle-strengthening approaches on balance function, and to evaluate the changes in central processing under different conditions, such as complicated postural control and various trigger stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The Influence of Aging on Balance Function in Terms of the Foot Electromyographic Reaction Time

Fukuda

2012

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract. [Purpose] This study examined the influence of aging on balance function through the reaction time of the ankle joint muscles.[Methods] Forty-nine subjects were classified into 3 age groups: aged 20 to 30 (group Y, 19 subjects); aged 60 to 74 (YO, 12); and over 75 (OO,18). Functional reach (FR), single-leg standing with eyes closed (SLS), and plantar flexor strength, were measured. For the electromyogram responses, reaction time (RT), premotor time (PMT), motor time (MT) and anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) were evaluated.[Results] Significant differences in FR and SLS were observed between Y and YO, and OO. In the standing position, significant differences in PMT were observed between Y and OO, and in MT among all age groups. For the APAs, significant differences were observed between Y and OO, and in the strength between Y and YO, and OO. Balance items appeared to correlate with the reaction time in the standing position.[Conclusion] The results of this study verify that the balance function declines with age. We demonstrated that a delay in central processing and slower muscle contractions are key factors in the age-related decline of the balance function.

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“…Though muscle strength and balance are considered important in terms of assessing motor functions in elderly people [1][2][3] , at present, there is no specific definition of agility in geriatric medicine and physical therapy. Agility in general is defined in the field of sports science, a combination turning ability, accuracy of motion, and full-body motion [4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Criterion-Related Validity of the Ten Step Test Compared with Motor Reaction Time

et al. 2008

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Abstract.[Purpose] Agility includes three factors: rapidity of reaction, rapidity of directional change, and velocity of muscle contraction. We proposed the Ten-Step Test (TST) as a new performance test for agility. In our previous study, the criterion-related validity of TST was evaluated by comparing TST with a timed supine-to-stand test which reflects motion speed. However, timed supine-to-stand doesn't include rapidity of reaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the criterion-related validity of TST using motor reaction time (MRT).[Subjects] One hundred fifty-two community-dwelling adults were recruited.[Methods] TST requires the subjects to place one foot at a time, ten times on a block 10 cm in height while standing. TST was conducted twice, and the quickest time of the two trials was used for analysis. MRT was measured as the time between a touch on the malleous and the response of the ankle dorsi-flexion in a sitting position. For evaluating the relationship between TST and MRT, the conformity of the regression formulae of aging changes and correlation coefficients were analyzed. TST was also compared with the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and muscle strength of the knee.[Results] Both TST and MRT showed a quadratic rather than a linear relationship with age. The single correlation coefficient between TST and MRT was 0.59. [Conclusion] Age-related changes of TST and MRT showed a similar curve. These curves showed a significant increase after the age of 50, and the correlation coefficient between TST and MRT was high. The findings suggest that TST includes a factor related to motor reaction.

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Muscle function and functional ability improves more in community-dwelling older women with a mixed-strength training programme

Abstract: Long-term mixed-strength programmes can improve MF and FA in elderly females, and FA in elderly males.

Cited by 53 publications

References 27 publications

Training and Detraining Effects on Functional Fitness after a Multicomponent Training in Older Women

Training and Detraining Effects on Functional Fitness after a Multicomponent Training in Older Women

The Influence of Aging on Balance Function in Terms of the Foot Electromyographic Reaction Time

The Criterion-Related Validity of the Ten Step Test Compared with Motor Reaction Time

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