Multivariate genetic architecture of the <i>Anolis</i> dewlap reveals both shared and sex‐specific features of a sexually dimorphic ornament

Cox, Robert M.; Costello, R. A.; Camber, B. E.; McGlothlin, Joel W.

doi:10.1111/jeb.13080

Cited by 24 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…; Cox et al. ) on the predicted response to concordant selection in life‐history traits of Tribolium castaneum , in multivariate Anole dewlap traits, and in Red Deer, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We employed this approach by comparing the predicted response to selection for an estimated G mf matrix, to one where the entire B ( B’ ) submatrix of that G mf is set to 0 (Cox et al. ; Holman and Jacomb ):

R_{B} = \frac{β^{'} {boldG}_{m f} β}{β^{'} {boldG}_{m f_{(B = 0)}} β} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Cox et al. ). In almost every case, B potentially limits the response to antagonistic selection by biasing both the magnitude (Lewis et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cox et al. () showed that B had little effect on the predicted response to selection in random directions, and Holman and Jacomb () showed that B facilitated the response to sexually concordant selection. Therefore, B may have an equally important role in facilitating the response to selection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐sex genetic covariances limit the evolvability of wing‐shape within and among species of Drosophila

Sztepanacz

Houle

2019

Evolution

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The independent evolution of males and females is potentially constrained by both sexes inheriting the same alleles from their parents. This genetic constraint can limit the evolvability of complex traits; however, there are few studies of multivariate evolution that incorporate cross‐sex genetic covariances in their predictions. Drosophila wing‐shape has emerged as a model high‐dimensional phenotype; wing‐shape is highly evolvable in contemporary populations, and yet perplexingly stable across phylogenetic timescales. Here, we show that cross‐sex covariances in Drosophila melanogaster, given by the B‐matrix, may considerably bias wing‐shape evolution. Using random skewers, we show that B would constrain the response to antagonistic selection by 90%, on average, but would double the response to concordant selection. Both cross‐sex within‐trait and cross‐sex cross‐trait covariances determined the predicted response to antagonistic selection, but only cross‐sex within‐trait covariances facilitated the predicted response to concordant selection. Similar patterns were observed in the direction of extant sexual dimorphism in D. melanogaster, and in directions of most and least dimorphic variation across the Drosophila phylogeny. Our results highlight the importance of considering between‐sex genetic covariances when making predictions about evolution on both macro‐ and microevolutionary timescales, and may provide one more explanatory piece in the puzzle of stasis.

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“…; Cox et al. ) on the predicted response to concordant selection in life‐history traits of Tribolium castaneum , in multivariate Anole dewlap traits, and in Red Deer, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R_{B} = \frac{β^{'} {boldG}_{m f} β}{β^{'} {boldG}_{m f_{(B = 0)}} β} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Cox et al. ). In almost every case, B potentially limits the response to antagonistic selection by biasing both the magnitude (Lewis et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐sex genetic covariances limit the evolvability of wing‐shape within and among species of Drosophila

Sztepanacz

Houle

2019

Evolution

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“…; Wyman and Rowe ; Cox et al. ). One approach for addressing this challenge is to complement replicated estimates of the G matrix with indirect estimates of selection through the study of adaptive trait divergence along environmental clines.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic covariances promote climatic adaptation in AustralianDrosophila*

et al. 2019

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Evolutionary potential for adaptation hinges upon the orientation of genetic variation for traits under selection, captured by the additive genetic variance‐covariance matrix (G), as well as the evolutionary stability of G. Yet studies that assess both the stability of G and its alignment with selection are extraordinarily rare. We evaluated the stability of G in three Drosophila melanogaster populations that have adapted to local climatic conditions along a latitudinal cline. We estimated population‐ and sex‐specific G matrices for wing size and three climatic stress‐resistance traits that diverge adaptively along the cline. To determine how G affects evolutionary potential within these populations, we used simulations to quantify how well G aligns with the direction of trait divergence along the cline (as a proxy for the direction of local selection) and how genetic covariances between traits and sexes influence this alignment. We found that G was stable across the cline, showing no significant divergence overall, or in sex‐specific subcomponents, among populations. G also aligned well with the direction of clinal divergence, with genetic covariances strongly elevating evolutionary potential for adaptation to climatic extremes. These results suggest that genetic covariances between both traits and sexes should significantly boost evolutionary responses to environmental change.

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Recent immigrants alter the quantitative genetic architecture of paternity in song sparrows

Reid

Arcese

2020

Evolution Letters

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Quantifying additive genetic variances and cross-sex covariances in reproductive traits, and identifying processes that shape and maintain such (co)variances, is central to understanding the evolutionary dynamics of reproductive systems. Gene flow resulting from among-population dispersal could substantially alter additive genetic variances and covariances in key traits in recipient populations, thereby altering forms of sexual conflict, indirect selection, and evolutionary responses. However, the degree to which genes imported by immigrants do in fact affect quantitative genetic architectures of key reproductive traits and outcomes is rarely explicitly quantified. We applied structured quantitative genetic analyses to multiyear pedigree, pairing, and paternity data from free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify the differences in mean breeding values for major sexspecific reproductive traits, specifically female extra-pair reproduction and male paternity loss, between recent immigrants and the previously existing population. We thereby quantify effects of natural immigration on the means, variances, and cross-sex covariance in total additive genetic values for extra-pair paternity arising within the complex socially monogamous but genetically polygynandrous reproductive system. Recent immigrants had lower mean breeding values for male paternity loss, and somewhatlower values for female extra-pair reproduction, than the local recipient population, and would therefore increase the emerging degree of reproductive fidelity of social pairings. Furthermore, immigration increased the variances in total additive genetic values for these traits, but decreased the magnitudes of the negative cross-sex genetic covariation and correlation below those evident in the existing population. Immigration thereby increased the total additive genetic variance but could decrease the magnitude of indirect selection acting on sex-specific contributions to paternity outcomes. These results demonstrate that dispersal and resulting immigration and gene flow can substantially affect quantitative genetic architectures of complex local reproductive systems, implying that comprehensive theoretical and empirical efforts to understand mating system dynamics will need to incorporate spatial population processes.

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Multivariate genetic architecture of the Anolis dewlap reveals both shared and sex‐specific features of a sexually dimorphic ornament

Cited by 24 publications

References 99 publications

Cross‐sex genetic covariances limit the evolvability of wing‐shape within and among species of Drosophila

Cross‐sex genetic covariances limit the evolvability of wing‐shape within and among species of Drosophila

Genetic covariances promote climatic adaptation in AustralianDrosophila*

Recent immigrants alter the quantitative genetic architecture of paternity in song sparrows

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