Multiple stable isotopes from oak trees in southwestern Scotland and the potential for stable isotope dendroclimatology in maritime climatic regions

Loader, Neil J.; Santillo, P.M.; Woodman-Ralph, Jonathan; Rolfe, Jim; Hall, Maxwell; Gagen, Mary; Robertson, Iain; Wilson, Rob; Froyd, Cynthia A.; McCarroll, Danny

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.01.006

Cited by 123 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Due to assimilation, a high coherence is expected between carbon isotopes and air temperature of summer months which is very well-documented by (Kress et al 2009a;Loader et al 2008;Robertson et al 1997), but lower or negative correlations were observed too (Kern et al 2013;Szcepanek et al 2006). These contrasting results are most probably due to the influence of site specific conditions.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 84%

Are carbohydrate storage strategies of trees traceable by early–latewood carbon isotope differences?

Kimák

Leuenberger

2015

Trees

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Key message Investigations of stable isotopes in earlyand latewood cellulose offer interesting insights to climate-driven adaptations of trees' carbon storage strategy during different phenological phases. Abstract We investigated d 13 C isotopic composition in both earlywood and latewood. The origin of the samples is an oak forest (Quercus petraea), situated in Switzerland. A comparison of isotope compositions between early-and latewood can help us to investigate and understand the processes of plant metabolism in more detail. The fact which we found excellent correlations (r 2 = 55 %) between early-and latewood for carbon isotopes strengthens the common knowledge that atmospheric CO 2 acts as the major carbon source for latewood but the earlywood strongly depends on the reserves from previous years (r 2 = 68 %), at least for oaks investigated in this study. In addition, that no correlation between late woods (r 2 = 0-5 %) was found, manifests the higher variability of direct assimilates. Furthermore, we examined the impacts of increasing air temperature and CO 2 concentration on carbohydrate fluxes in trees and we found remarkable differences between two time periods. In the period AD 1780-1825, the trees intensely used the young reserves while in the period AD 1960AD -1994, there is no clear preference of them. This suggests that in the latter period, a larger volume of reserves is available and that the new assimilated reserves (previous year) do not play the most important part, mainly due to the very favourable conditions induced by climate change, at the investigated site. In conclusion, a carbon isotope approach on early-and latewood samples is ideal to investigate isotope incorporation pathways of physiological processes. This will augment the interpretation of tree ring isotope records with respect to the assignments of their variations to specific biochemical processes within the tree, i.e. carbon allocation.

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Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 84%

Are carbohydrate storage strategies of trees traceable by early–latewood carbon isotope differences?

Kimák

Leuenberger

2015

Trees

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“…Potential uncertainties in pooled stable isotope time series from tree rings have been suggested by many researchers (Borella and Leuenberger, 1998;Leavitt, 2010;Lin˜a´n et al, 2011;Woodley et al, 2012). Nonetheless, pooling saves time/resources and has been successfully employed to extract climatic information from tree rings in Europe and North America (Treydte et al, 2006;Leavitt, 2008;Loader et al, 2008;Leavitt, 2010), as well as on the Tibetan Plateau (Grießinger et al, 2005;Shi et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2012).…”

Section: A-cellulose Extraction and Oxygen Isotopic Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific climatic signals recorded in earlywood and latewood δ<sup>18</sup>O of tree rings in southwestern China

Liu

Leavitt

et al. 2012

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…After sample homogenization, 0.30-0.35 mg of dry a-cellulose was weighted into silver vessels and pyrolysed over glassy carbon at 1,090°C. Oxygen isotope ratios were measured using a PDZ Europe 20-20 mass spectrometer interfaced to a Europa ANCA GSL elemental analyzer at Swansea University (Loader et al 2008). Oxygen isotope ratios are expressed as per mille (%) deviations relative to the VSMOW standard (Coplen 1995).…”

Section: Moisture Source Information In Tree-ring Oxygen-18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent summer precipitation trends in the Greater Horn of Africa and the emerging role of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature

et al. 2011

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We utilize a variety of climate datasets to examine impacts of two mechanisms on precipitation in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) during northern-hemisphere summer. First, surface-pressure gradients draw moist air toward the GHA from the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Congo Basin. Variability of the strength of these gradients strongly influences GHA precipitation totals and accounts for important phenomena such as the 1960s-1980s rainfall decline and devastating 1984 drought. Following the 1980s, precipitation variability became increasingly influenced by the southern tropical Indian Ocean (STIO) region. Within this region, increases in sea-surface temperature, evaporation, and precipitation are linked with increased exports of dry mid-tropospheric air from the STIO region toward the GHA. Convergence of dry air above the GHA reduces local convection and precipitation. It also produces a clockwise circulation response near the ground that reduces moisture transports from the Congo Basin. Because precipitation originating in the Congo Basin has a unique isotopic signature, records of moisture transports from the Congo Basin may be preserved in the isotopic composition of annual tree rings in the Ethiopian Highlands. A negative trend in tree-ring oxygen-18 during the past half century suggests a decline in the proportion of precipitation originating from the Congo Basin. This trend may not be part of a natural cycle that will soon rebound because climate models characterize Indian Ocean warming as a principal signature of greenhouse-gas induced climate change. We therefore expect surface warming in the STIO region to continue to negatively impact GHA precipitation during northern-hemisphere summer.

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Multiple stable isotopes from oak trees in southwestern Scotland and the potential for stable isotope dendroclimatology in maritime climatic regions

Cited by 123 publications

References 45 publications

Are carbohydrate storage strategies of trees traceable by early–latewood carbon isotope differences?

Are carbohydrate storage strategies of trees traceable by early–latewood carbon isotope differences?

Specific climatic signals recorded in earlywood and latewood δ<sup>18</sup>O of tree rings in southwestern China

Recent summer precipitation trends in the Greater Horn of Africa and the emerging role of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature

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