“…Clearly, many studies conducted in the past, to a certain extent, have indicated that the choice of murder weapon in sexual homicides is associated with the offender’s sadistic personality (Beauregard & Proulx, 2002; Beauregard, Proulx, & St-Yves, 2007; Healey, Beauregard, Beech, & Vettor, 2016; Healey, Lussier, & Beauregard, 2013; Myers, Chan, Vo, & Lazarou, 2010; Proulx et al, 2007). Overkill of the victim (i.e., frenzied attack in close-contact) has been commonly observed in sexual homicides as a general manifestation of sadistic personality (Beauregard & Martineau, 2013; Chan & Heide, 2009; Radojević et al, 2013; Stefanska, Carter, Higgs, Bishopp, & Beech, 2015). Studies indicate that sadistic sexual murderers were more likely to sexually humiliate their victims, use physical restraint to control their victims, and perform body mutilation on their victims (Beauregard & Proulx, 2002; Chan & Beauregard, 2016b).…”