Multiple sclerosis

Axisa, Pierre-Paul; Hafler, David A.

doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000000319

Cited by 93 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Since spinal demyelination is a typical histopathological characteristic of MS patients (Frohman et al, 2006; Axisa and Hafler, 2016), we tested the correlation between clinical score of EAE and demyelination. And since onset-treatment with 600 mg/kg SHSST was more effective than was 300 mg/kg SHSST in inhibiting EAE symptoms ( Figures 3A,B and Table 2 ), we further studied use of that dosage (600 mg/kg).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and demyelinating inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), which typically presents in adults who are 20 to 45 years of age (Frohman et al, 2006; Axisa and Hafler, 2016). Its typical neurologic symptoms are characterized as being quadriplegia, dyschezia, weakness, amblyopia, and ataxia (Frohman et al, 2006; Axisa and Hafler, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its typical neurologic symptoms are characterized as being quadriplegia, dyschezia, weakness, amblyopia, and ataxia (Frohman et al, 2006; Axisa and Hafler, 2016). Until recently, the recruitment and infiltration of T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells into the CNS from the periphery were thought to be the main effector T cells responsible for the autoimmune demyelination (McFarland and Martin, 2007; Hoglund and Maghazachi, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MS patients still get drugs to combat relapses and to slow the disease: anti-inflammatory medications (corticosteroids), interferon and interferon-beta, mitoxantrone, natalizumab, an alternative treatment method, such as acupuncture, bee sting, etc. (Mahdavian et al, 2010; Axisa and Hafler, 2016). However, they have limited benefits and disabling adverse effects, such as influenza-like syndrome and self-limited feeling, associated with long-term therapy (Neilley et al, 1996; Gasperini and Ruggieri, 2009; Minagar, 2013; Finkelsztejn, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oriental Medicine Samhwangsasim-tang Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Th1 Cell Responses and Upregulating Treg Cell Responses

et al. 2017

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Oriental medicine Samhwangsasim-tang (SHSST) has traditionally been used in East Asia to treat hypertension and its complications. However, little is known about its potential value regarding the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we investigated whether SHSST has a beneficial effect in treating myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Onset-treatment with SHSST was found to alleviate neurological symptoms as well as demyelination and glial activation in the spinal cords from the EAE mice. The SHSST also attenuated the mRNA or protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta and tumor necrotic factor-alpha); chemokines (RANTES, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha); inducible nitric oxide synthase; and cyclooxygenase-2 in correspondence with the down-regulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases signal pathways in the spinal cords from EAE mice. Interestingly, the protective effect of the SHSST was related to a decreased number of Th1 cells and an increased number of Treg cells in spinal cords from EAE mice. Taken together, our finding firstly suggested that SHSST could delay or mitigate EAE with a wide therapeutic time-window by suppressing Th1 cell responses and upregulating Treg cell responses. Also, our findings are strong enough to warrant further investigation of SHSST as a treatment for chronic autoimmune diseases including MS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oriental Medicine Samhwangsasim-tang Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Th1 Cell Responses and Upregulating Treg Cell Responses

et al. 2017

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“…Because T cells mediate myelin degradation, MS is often referred to as an autoimmune disease (Piccio and Cross, 2011). Despite intense research, the cause of MS remains elusive, but the evidence accumulated so far points toward a multifactorial etiology, including genetic (Oksenberg, 2013; Cree, 2014; Sawcer et al, 2014; Axisa and Hafler, 2016) and environmental (O'Gorman et al, 2012; Ascherio, 2013; Malli et al, 2015) factors. In Caucasian cohorts, MHC haplotypes have been found strongly associated with MS (McFarland and Martin, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid in a Small Cohort of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Was Generally Free of Microbial DNA

Jovel

OʼKeefe

Patterson

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common cause of non-traumatic neurologic disability with high incidence in many developed countries. Although the etiology of the disease remains elusive, it is thought to entail genetic and environmental causes, and microbial pathogens have also been envisioned as contributors to the phenotype. We conducted a metagenomic survey in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 28 MS patients and 15 patients suffering other type of neurological conditions. We detected bacterial reads in eight out of the 15 non-MS patients and in a single MS patient, at an abundance >1% of total classified reads. Two patients were of special interest: one non-MS patient harbored ~73% bacterial reads, while an MS patient had ~83% bacterial reads. In the former case, Veillonella parvula, a bacterium occasionally found associated with meningitis was the predominant species, whilst Kocuria flava, apparently an environmental bacterium, predominated in the latter case. Thirty-four out of 43 samples contained <1% bacterial reads, which we regard as cross- or environmental contamination. A few viral reads corresponding to Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and parvovirus were also identified. Our results suggest that CSF of MS patients is often (but not always) free of microbial DNA.

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Global exosome transcriptome profiling reveals biomarkers for multiple sclerosis

Selmaj

Cichalewska

Namiecińska

et al. 2017

Annals of Neurology

141

103

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These data show that circulating exosomes have a distinct RNA profile in RRMS. Because putative targets for these miRNAs include the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and the cell cycle regulator aryl hydrocarbon receptor, the data suggest a disturbed cell-to-cell communication in this disease. Thus, exosomal miRNAs might represent a useful biomarker to distinguish multiple sclerosis relapse. Ann Neurol 2017;81:703-717.

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Multiple sclerosis

Cited by 93 publications

References 145 publications

Oriental Medicine Samhwangsasim-tang Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Th1 Cell Responses and Upregulating Treg Cell Responses

Oriental Medicine Samhwangsasim-tang Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Th1 Cell Responses and Upregulating Treg Cell Responses

Cerebrospinal Fluid in a Small Cohort of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Was Generally Free of Microbial DNA

Global exosome transcriptome profiling reveals biomarkers for multiple sclerosis

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