Multiple acute temperature stress affects leucocyte populations and antibody responses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Engelsma, Marc

doi:10.1016/s1050-4648(03)00006-8

Cited by 126 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The effects on immune system and the final outcome may depend on the severity and duration of the stressor as it does in mammals (Weyts et al 1999). Recent studies have suggested that the observed differences in immune responsiveness and disease susceptibility in relation to elevated cortisol levels, are speci c to species, strain, antigen type, and possibly to the timing of the stressor (Engelsma et al 2003;Funk et al 2004;Skinner et al 2010). In this experiment stress prior to vaccination negatively affected the production of antibody titre, while vaccination before applying a daily stressor did not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The effect of allostatic load on hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis before and after secondary vaccination in Atlantic salmon postsmolts (Salmo salar L.)

Iversen

Eliassen

2013

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The experiment consisted of three experimental groups; 1) "vaccine and stress", 2) "stress and vaccine" and 3) control. All groups have previously been vaccinated 6 months prior to the start of the experiment. At the start of the experiment the "vaccine and stress" group was vaccinated with Pentium Forte Plus for the second time (25.02.2008), and then given a daily stressor (crowding stressor, 267 kg m-3 in 15 min) for a period of four weeks. The "stress and vaccine" group was given a similar daily stressor for four weeks, and then vaccinated for the second time. The control group was neither stressed nor vaccinated a second time. The results indicates that a fish in the "stress and vaccine" group enters an allostatic overload type 2 due to oversensitivity to ACTH, a reduced efficient negative feedback system, with elevated baseline levels of plasma cortisol, and reduced immune response with pronounced effects on the wellbeing of the animal. The "vaccine and stress" group entered an allostatic overload type 1 response, with oversensitivity to ACTH and transient reduced efficient negative feedback system, but at the end of the experiment the fish had recovered. This study shows that if plasma cortisol becomes elevated prior to vaccination it could instigate an allostatic overload type 2 with dire consequences on animal welfare. To reduce the risk of compromising the animal welfare during commercial vaccination of salmon one propose to grade the fish minimum a week prior to vaccination, or grade simultaneously with vaccination. This could reduce the overall allostatic load during handling and vaccination, and secure a healthy fish, with intact immune response and improved animal welfare.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The effect of allostatic load on hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis before and after secondary vaccination in Atlantic salmon postsmolts (Salmo salar L.)

Iversen

Eliassen

2013

Fish Physiol Biochem

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“…The stress-induced elevation of plasma cortisol has a direct cytolytic effect on lymphocytes (Wiik et al, 1989;Engelsma et al, 2003). Lymphocytopoenia in stressed fish may also be due to the extravasation of the cells and their penetration into the epithelium of gills, skin or intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Dobšíková¹,

Svobodová²,

Blahová³

et al. 2009

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The effect of 12 h transport on the biochemical and haematological profiles of three-years-old common carp was investigated. There was a significant increase (P < 0.01) in ammonia, chloride, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in total proteins. The levels of glucose (P < 0.01), lactate (P < 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.01) and calcium (P < 0.01) were also significantly changed, but no time-dependent relationships were found. Significant increases in haematocrit (P < 0.01) and metamyelocyte count (P < 0.05) were found. Mean corpuscular volume (P < 0.05) and counts of monocytes (P < 0.01), band neutrophils (P < 0.01) and segmented neutrophils (P < 0.05) were significantly changed independently of the transport duration. Since pre-transport manipulation and transport per se were found to be important stressors for three-years-old common carp, peri-transport disturbances should be minimized to ensure optimal fish welfare.Keywords: erythrocyte profile; common carp; Cyprinus carpio; leukocyte profile; plasma biochemical indices; stress response 511Czech J. Anim. Sci., 54, 2009 (11): 510-518 Original Paper of adrenalin and cortisol, followed by secondary changes in blood and tissues, such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlactaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, changes in blood plasma enzyme activities and ion concentrations, reduced glycogen content of muscle and liver, increased metabolic rate, and shifts in haematological profiles and immunological capacity (Stave and Robertson, 1985; Staurnes et al.1994).The acute primary physiological response of fish to netting, handling and transport returns to normal levels within 6-24 h. However, physiological recovery may take 10-14 days if the stressors persist and are not lethal (Schreck et al., 1997). Stress and physical activity during transport usually lead to the loss of product quality, such as reducing fish freshness, softening muscle texture, and lowering filet yield. Exposure to stress can have an impact on the economics of fish aquaculture (Nakayama et al., 1994).The aim of this study was to assess a transport stress response, i.e. the effect of pre-transport manipulation procedures and long-distance transport per se, to some biochemical and haematological indices of three-years-old common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L). Transport water quality was also monitored. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe experiment was carried out on common carp transported from storage ponds of the commercial fish farm in Hluboká nad Vltavou (Czech Republic) via Brno (Czech Republic) to a fish pond in Boheľov (Slovakia). Fish were transported in 2.2 m 3 transport tanks (AGK Kronawitter GmbH, Germany), at a density of 364 kg body weight per m 3 .Duration of transport was 12.5 h, comprising 7 h from Hluboká nad Vltavou to Brno and 5.5 h from Brno to Boheľov. Tanks were continuously oxygenated during transport. In Boheľov, the carp were released from the tanks through a hose into a fish pond. Throughout the experim...

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“…Menurut Docan et al (2011), suhu tinggi dapat meningkatkan jumlah eritrosit pada ikan salmon. Suhu juga berpengaruh terhadap parameter hematologi dan daya tahan terhadap penyakit (Engelsma et al, 2003). Menurut Fadhil et al (2011), proses fisiologis pada ikan yaitu tingkat respirasi, makan, metabolisme, pertumbuhan, perilaku, reproduksi, tingkat detoksifikasi, dan bioakumulasi dipengaruhi oleh suhu.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

PENGARUH PENINGKATAN SUHU TERHADAP JUMLAH ERITROSIT IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Bangsa¹,

Sugito²,

Zuhrawati³

et al. 2015

J.Med.Vet.

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan suhu terhadap jumlah eritrosit ikan nila. Sampel yang digunakan adalah darah ikan nila yang berasal dari 18 ekor ikan nila dengan bobot badan berkisar 40-50 g. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola searah dengan tiga perlakuan dan enam kali ulangan. Perlakuan P1 sebagai kontrol merupakan perlakuan dengan suhu akuarium 29±1 C, P2 merupakan perlakuan dengan suhu akuarium 32±1 C, dan P3 merupakan perlakuan dengan suhu akuarium 35±1 C. Ukuran akuarium pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan adalah 80 x 60 x 40 cm dengan ketinggian air 30 cm. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 15 hari dan pada hari ke-16 dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah. Darah diambil melalui vena caudalis. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varian (ANAVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Rata-rata (±SD) jumlah eritrosit ikan nila (10 6 /mm 3 ) pada P1, P2, dan P3 masing-masing adalah 3,01x10 6 /mm 3 ; 2,63x10 6 /mm 3 ; dan 2,08x10 6 /mm 3 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu berpengaruh (P<0,05) terhadap jumlah eritrosit ikan nila. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan suhu air 32±1 C dan 35±1 C dalam akuarium dapat menurunkan jumlah eritrosit ikan nila. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kata kunci: suhu, eritrosit, ikan nila ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to find the effect of temperature increase on erythrocytes count of tilapia. The blood from 18 tilapia weighing from 40 to 50 g were used in this study and divided into 3 groups. The research method used was a laboratory experiment. The research was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) one way pattern with 3 treatments and 6 replications. Group P1 was untreated control with aquarium temperature 29±1 C, P2 was the treatment with aquarium temperature 32±1 C, and P3 was the treatment with aquarium PENDAHULUANIkan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dapat hidup di lingkungan air tawar, air payau, dan air asin (Suyanto, 2005). Ikan yang berasal dari Sungai Nil ini telah dibudidayakan di berbagai negara di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia (Kordi, 2010). Budidaya ikan nila mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia, karena budidayanya dapat dilakukan di tambak, lahan bekas galian pasir atau penambangan, dan karamba jaring apung (KJA) di perairan umum atau laut. Potensi ikan nila untuk dibudidayakan cukup besar karena memiliki beberapa kelebihan, yaitu mudah berkembang biak, pertumbuhan cepat, kandungan protein cukup tinggi, ukuran tubuh relatif besar, tahan terhadap penyakit, mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan, harga relatif murah, dan mempunyai nilai gizi yang cukup tinggi sebagai sumber protein hewani (Wardoyo, 2005).Menurut Syahailatua (2008), dampak perubahan iklim yang diakibatkan meningkatnya suhu udara di bumi tentu cukup mengkhawatirkan bagi kehidupan manusia. Selama 50 tahun terakhir, suhu atmosfir bumi terus meningkat, yang secara langsung kondisi ini juga menaikkan suhu...

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Multiple acute temperature stress affects leucocyte populations and antibody responses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Cited by 126 publications

References 35 publications

The effect of allostatic load on hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis before and after secondary vaccination in Atlantic salmon postsmolts (Salmo salar L.)

The effect of allostatic load on hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis before and after secondary vaccination in Atlantic salmon postsmolts (Salmo salar L.)

The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

PENGARUH PENINGKATAN SUHU TERHADAP JUMLAH ERITROSIT IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

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