Multifunctional γ-Cyclodextrin-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks as Avermectins Carriers for Controlled Release and Enhanced Acaricidal Activity

Abstract

A controlled pesticide delivery system has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are one of the most rapidly developing porous materials, have been used as pesticide carriers. However, the inherent toxicity of reported metal nodes or the expensiveness of organic ligands is not desirable, which limits the practical application of such pesticide-loaded MOF delivery systems. γ-Cyclodextrin-based MOFs (γ-CD–MOFs) are considered as a green renewable framework material; however, it has been less exploited as a multifunctional pesticide carrier in agricultural applications. In this study, avermectins (AVM) were loaded into γ-CD–MOFs (AVM−γ-CD–MOFs) with a loading content of 20.41% by physical absorption. AVM−γ-CD–MOFs exhibited pH-responsive release profiles and had better stability under photoirradiation. Moreover, it could promote the growth of cotton roots and stems, improve the chlorophyll content, and decrease malondialdehyde content to a certain extent by facilitating the activities of peroxidase. Compared with AVM technical concentrate wettable powder, the AVM−γ-CD–MOF wettable powder exhibited a better acaricidal activity against Panonychus citri (McGregor). In short, this research explores the feasibility of γ-CD–MOFs as a platform for potential application in sustainable plant protection.

Redox/Near-Infrared Dual-Responsive Hollow Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles for Pesticide Smart Delivery

“…Equation is used to calculate the corrected mortality rates. Data were analyzed using Abbott’s correction for natural mortality . The median lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) were calculated for the acaricides tested. …”

“…Equation is used to calculate the corrected mortality rates. Data were analyzed using Abbott’s correction for natural mortality . The median lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) were calculated for the acaricides tested. normalM normalo normalr normalt normala normall normali normalt normaly normalr normala normalt normale normals ( % ) = normalm normalo normalr normalt normala normall normali normalt normaly normalo normalf normalt normalr normale normala normalt normale normalm normale normaln normalt − normalm normalo normalr normalt normala normall normali normalt normaly normalo normalf normalc normalo normaln normalt normalr normalo normall 1 − normalm normalo normalr normalt normala normall normali normalt normaly normalo normalf normalc normalo normaln normalt normalr normalo normall × 100 % …”

Synergistic applications of cyclodextrin-based systems and metal–organic frameworks in transdermal drug delivery for skin cancer therapy

“…130 Other vapor diffusion procedures were also reported by Cao and Zhou. 131,132 An example of modified vapor diffusion method consists in adding a fixed quantity of short linear chain starch nanoparticles (SNPs) to the initial mother solution constituted by the cyclodextrin of interest and aqueous KOH. The method is fast, efficient, and the crystals possess good porous and crystalline properties.…”

“…The therapy presents limitations due to the restricted H 2 O 2 concentration and weak acidity in the TME that could reduce the effectiveness of the Fenton reaction. 189,207 To overcome these constraints, Chen et al (2023) 131 developed a transdermal dissolvable microneedlebased patch made from 2D bimetallic MOF nanosheets with Fenton metal sites, the 2D Cu-TCPP(Fe) nanosheets. To enhance concentration of intratumorally H 2 O 2 and induce tumor cell death by starvation through enzymatic oxidation of glucose, glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on MOF nanosheets.…”

Fostering Inclusive Scientific Communities: A Pathway to Innovation in Agriculture

“…A very recent paper by Ristroph et al on novel scalable nanocarrier formulations for pesticides has quickly received a large number of views. Examples of other papers on nanomaterials relevant for pesticide formulations are as follows: sustainable nanomaterial approaches to essential oil delivery for disease prevention in soy; pesticide formulation processes using polymeric nanoparticles; metal–organic frameworks for controlled release insecticide formulations; utilizing plant virus nanoparticles as delivery vehicles in soil; and bacteria-based nanobiopesticides for plant disease management . Other examples of novel applications that have been published this year are smart gene delivery systems for plants using amine-functionalized carbon dots, nitrogen-doped carbon dots to address drought stress in maize, and nanoparticles doped with micronutrients and P to reduce nutrient leaching to groundwater .…”