Metal oxyhalides are attracting extensive interest for their enchanting structures and diverse properties. Herein, a ternary antimony oxyiodide, Sb 5 O 7 I with the new hexagonal noncentrosymmetric P6 3 structure is systematically surveyed by focusing on its nonlinear-optical (NLO) behavior. Its two-dimensional structure is constructed by {Sb 2 [Sb 3 O 7 ]} ∞ + layers separated by charge-balanced I − anions. The second-harmonic-generation measurement result suggests that Sb 5 O 7 I is NLO-active, and the effect is assigned to the [SbO 3 ] 3− triangular pyramids' contribution. Sb 5 O 7 I shows a direct optical energy gap of 3.22 eV, which is the largest among all reported ternary oxyiodides. This work is the first investigation of ternary NLO Sb-based oxyhalides and enriches the study of metal oxyhalides as promising NLO materials. S econd-order nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystals could realize frequency conversion to extend laser wavelengths and are extensively employed in many fields. 1−9 NLO materials have made significant progress in the visible and UV regions. 10−15 In contrast, famous NLO materials (AgGaS 2 , AgGaSe 2 , 16,17 and ZnGeP 2 18 ) in the IR region cannot meet the market requirements because of their low laser-induced damage thresholds (LIDTs) or double-photon absorption. Hence, it is a continuous challenge to obtain novel IR NLO crystals with balanced comprehensive performances.Recently, NLO materials containing mixed anions have been considered as promising candidates with optimized comprehensive properties. 19−23 Notably, metal oxyhalides, a branch of enormously relevant mixed-anion compounds that have diverse structural features and physical properties, have received rapidly increasing interest.