Multifaceted roles of microalgae in the application of wastewater biotreatment: A review

Chai, Wai Siong; Tan, Wee Gee; Munawaroh, Heli Siti Halimatul; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Ho, Shih Hsin; Show, Pau Loke

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116236

Cited by 273 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In the process of passive biosorption, metal ions in the cationic form are physically adsorbed over the microalgal cell surface that contains functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH 2 ), and sulfhydryl (-SH). During active biosorption, the metal ions are translocated across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm [169]. e binding of heavy metal ions to microalgae biomass is owed to the presence of multiple functional groups such as carboxylic acid, ether, amide, hydroxyl, and other carbonyls [170].…”

Section: Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

Ayele

Godeto

2021

Journal of Chemistry

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Heavy metals generated mainly through many anthropogenic processes, and some natural processes have been a great environmental challenge and continued to be the concern of many researchers and environmental scientists. This is mainly due to their highest toxicity even at a minimum concentration as they are nonbiodegradable and can persist in the aquatic and terrestrial environments for long periods. Chromium ions, especially hexavalent ions (Cr(VI)) generated through the different industrial process such as tanneries, metallurgical, petroleum, refractory, oil well drilling, electroplating, mining, textile, pulp and paper industries, are among toxic heavy metal ions, which pose toxic effects to human, plants, microorganisms, and aquatic lives. This review work is aimed at biosorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) through microbial biomass, mainly bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, factors influencing the biosorption of chromium by microorganisms and the mechanism involved in the remediation process and the functional groups participated in the uptake of toxic Cr(VI) from contaminated environments by biosorbents. The biosorption process is relatively more advantageous over conventional remediation technique as it is rapid, economical, requires minimal preparatory steps, efficient, needs no toxic chemicals, and allows regeneration of biosorbent at the end of the process. Also, the presence of multiple functional groups in microbial cell surfaces and more active binding sites allow easy uptake and binding of a greater number of toxic heavy metal ions from polluted samples. This could be useful in creating new insights into the development and advancement of future technologies for future research on the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals at the industrial scale.

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Section: Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

Ayele

Godeto

2021

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Microalgae bring a lot of advantages to POME treatment due to their unique characteristics and show multifaceted roles in wastewater treatment [9]. Many algae characteristics are suitable to treat wastewater such as POME.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Algae For Pome Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…POME treatment using microalgae to produce biofuel appears to be a highly competitive tool in recent years due to the global energy security issue [9,10]. Improvements via biomodifications can achieve economics of biodiesel production [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Cultivation in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment and Biofuel Production

et al. 2021

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the wastewater produced during the palm oil sterilization process, which contains substantial amounts of nutrients and phosphorous that are harmful to the environment. High BOD and COD of POME are as high as 100,000 mg/L, which endanger the environment. Effective pre-treatment of POME is required before disposal. As microalgae have the ability of biosorption on nutrients and phosphorous to perform photosynthesis, they can be utilized as a sustainable POME treatment operation, which contributes to effective biofuel production. Microalgae species C. pyrenoidosa has shown to achieve 68% lipid production along with 71% nutrient reduction in POME. In this study, a brief discussion about the impacts of POME that will affect the environment is presented. Additionally, the potential of microalgae in treating POME is evaluated along with its benefits. Furthermore, the condition of microalgae growth in the POME is also assessed to study the suitable condition for microalgae to be cultivated in. Moreover, experimental studies on characteristics and performance of microalgae are being evaluated for their feasibility. One of the profitable applications of POME treatment using microalgae is biofuel production, which will be discussed in this review. However, with the advantages brought from cultivating microalgae in POME, there are also some concerns, as microalgae will cause pollution if they are not handled well, as discussed in the last section of this paper.

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“…Moreover, microalgae biomass can be used for biohydrogen production by water photolysis or dark fermentation (Goswami et al, 2020;Guldhe et al, 2017). Another possibility is the thermochemical conversion of the biomass by gasification, liquefaction, or F I G U R E 4 Diagram of integrated microalgae biorefinery pyrolysis to produce syngas, bio-oil, or biochar (Chai et al, 2021;Nagarajan et al, 2020;Shahid et al, 2020). Nevertheless, these technologies present high production costs that constrain their feasibility (Behera et al, 2018).…”

Section: Products From Microalgae Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During photosynthesis, microalgae produce oxygen that is used by bacteria to oxidize the organic matter. Consequently, carbon dioxide is produced, which can be used by algae as an inorganic carbon source (Chai et al, 2021; Delgadillo‐Mirquez et al, 2016; Shahid et al, 2020). microalgae as dominant organism : when the biodegradable concentration of the wastewater stream is low (for instance, in effluents from aerobic biological reactors or anaerobic digestion), microalgae tend to dominate the interaction with bacteria.…”

Section: Microalgae Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor microalgae‐based urban wastewater treatment: Recent advances, applications, and future perspectives

et al. 2021

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Although microalgae‐based wastewater treatment has been traditionally carried out in extensive waste stabilization ponds, recent trends focus on the use of microalgae to apply the circular economy principles in the wastewater treatment sector due to the capacity of algae to absorb carbon dioxide while recovering nutrients from sewage. To this aim, the development of new intensive microalgae‐based systems with higher efficiency and level of process control is required. Results obtained for these systems at lab scale are generally promising. However, upscaling to outdoor conditions is often uncertain. Some advances have been made in terms of applying open systems at large scale. However, there are still some issues related to land requirements and the economic feasibility and robustness of the process that have to be overcome to widely implement these systems. This article aims at describing the main design and operating factors regarding outdoor microalgae cultivation. It will also explain some microalgae cultivation technologies to treat wastewater, showing their advantages, disadvantages, and the possibility to treat different wastewater streams with microalgae cultures. Future perspectives of this biotechnology will be commented as well. This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Engineering Water

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Multifaceted roles of microalgae in the application of wastewater biotreatment: A review

Cited by 273 publications

References 71 publications

Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

Microalgae Cultivation in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment and Biofuel Production

Outdoor microalgae‐based urban wastewater treatment: Recent advances, applications, and future perspectives

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