Multi-omic profiles of hepatic metabolism in TPN-fed preterm pigs administered new generation lipid emulsions

Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants

“…We assessed the levels of circulating FAs in infant serum phospholipids as a surrogate for the actual tissue levels. In a recent comprehensive animal study, enteral formula feeding was compared with the administration of parenteral lipid emulsion . In this study, preterm piglets were fed formula or 1 of 3 parenteral lipid emulsions (Intralipid (Fresenius Kabi, Uppsala, Sweden), Omegaven, or SMOFlipid [Fresenius Kabi]) for 14 days.…”

“…In a recent comprehensive animal study, enteral formula feeding was compared with the administration of parenteral lipid emulsion. 34 In this study, preterm piglets were fed formula or 1 of 3 parenteral lipid emulsions (Intralipid (Fresenius Kabi, Uppsala, Sweden), Omegaven, or SMOFlipid [Fresenius Kabi]) for 14 days. After treatment, the FA profiles of total lipid extracts were determined in the liver, brain, and plasma; DHA and EPA were enriched in all body fractions from SMOFlipid-fed (Fresenius Kabi) piglets compared with formula-fed piglets or those receiving Intralipid (a fully plant-based emulsion analogous to Clinoleic [Baxter Medical AB]).…”

Phytosterols Synergize With Endotoxin to Augment Inflammation in Kupffer Cells but Alone Have Limited Direct Effect on Hepatocytes

“…Synthesis of cDNA was performed with the High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Determination of gene expression was done with previously used primers designed for Sybr Green amplification technology with PowerUP Sybr Green Master Mix (Applied Biosciences) on a Bio‐Rad CFX96 Real‐Time PCR Detection System (Bio‐Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA) . Fold change of samples was calculated with the ΔΔ‐CT method with β‐actin used as the normalizing gene.…”

Impact of Parenteral Lipid Emulsion Components on Cholestatic Liver Disease in Neonates

“…As such, premature infants receiving PN are carnitine deficient [ 155 ]. This effect is not species specific, as carnitine deficiency occurs in preterm piglets receiving PN as well [ 156 ]. This reduction in carnitine status is also seen in the liver and muscle of piglets.…”