Multi-modal survey of Adélie penguin mega-colonies reveals the Danger Islands as a seabird hotspot

Borowicz, Alex; McDowall, Philip; Youngflesh, Casey; Sayre-McCord, Thomas; Clucas, Gemma V.; Herman, Rachael; Forrest, Steven C.; Rider, Melissa; Schwaller, M.; Hart, Tom; Jenouvrier, Stéphanie; Polito, Michael J.; Singh, Hanumant; Lynch, Heather J.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22313-w

Cited by 79 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Most of these colonies are found in the eastern coast of the Weddell Sea, three of which were recently discovered using satellite imagery (Fretwell et al, ). Two of the four largest Adélie colonies are in the NE tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, in the NW Weddell Sea, with no other Adélie colonies in the region (Borowicz et al, ). Antarctic petrel ( Thalassoica antarctica ) and Snow Petrel colonies also become more frequent toward the northeastern coastline (Croxall et al, ; van Franeker et al, ).…”

Section: Biology Ii: Food Web Of the Wgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges

Vernet

Geibert

Hoppema

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

146

147

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The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global ocean circulation as well as gas exchange with the atmosphere. We review the state‐of‐the art knowledge concerning the WG from an interdisciplinary perspective, uncovering critical aspects needed to understand this system's role in shaping the future evolution of oceanic heat and carbon uptake over the next decades. The main limitations in our knowledge are related to the conditions in this extreme and remote environment, where the polar night, very low air temperatures, and presence of sea ice year‐round hamper field and remotely sensed measurements. We highlight the importance of winter and under‐ice conditions in the southern WG, the role that new technology will play to overcome present‐day sampling limitations, the importance of the WG connectivity to the low‐latitude oceans and atmosphere, and the expected intensification of the WG circulation as the westerly winds intensify. Greater international cooperation is needed to define key sampling locations that can be visited by any research vessel in the region. Existing transects sampled since the 1980s along the Prime Meridian and along an East‐West section at ~62°S should be maintained with regularity to provide answers to the relevant questions. This approach will provide long‐term data to determine trends and will improve representation of processes for regional, Antarctic‐wide, and global modeling efforts—thereby enhancing predictions of the WG in global ocean circulation and climate.

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Section: Biology Ii: Food Web Of the Wgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges

Vernet

Geibert

Hoppema

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

146

147

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“…Over the past several years, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of drones to survey and monitor birds by means of optical imaging, including breeding colonies [16][17][18], wintering and migrating waterbirds [19][20][21], and individual nest inspections [22][23][24]. Rapid uptake of these applications has been made possible by the relative maturity, simplicity and accessibility of the requisite technologies, namely sophisticated and user-friendly drone flight control systems combined with compact and very high-resolution digital cameras.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Wildlife Tag Location Errors from a VHF Receiver Mounted on a Drone

Desrochers

Tremblay

Aubry

et al. 2018

Drones

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Recent studies have demonstrated the high potential of drones as tools to facilitate wildlife radio-tracking in rugged, difficult-to-access terrain. Without estimates of accuracy, however, data obtained from receivers attached to drones will be of limited use. We estimated transmitter location errors from a drone-borne VHF (very high frequency) receiver in a hilly and dense boreal forest in southern Québec, Canada. Transmitters and the drone-borne receiver were part of the Motus radio-tracking system, a collaborative network designed to study animal movements at local to continental scales. We placed five transmitters at fixed locations, 1-2 m above ground, and flew a quadrotor drone over them along linear segments, at distances to transmitters ranging from 20 m to 534 m. Signal strength was highest with transmitters with antennae pointing upwards, and lowest with transmitters with horizontal antennae. Based on drone positions with maximum signal strength, mean location error was 134 m (range 44-278 m, n = 17). Estimating peak signal strength against drone GPS coordinates with quadratic, least-squares regressions led to lower location error (mean = 94 m, range 15-275 m, n = 10) but with frequent loss of data due to statistical estimation problems. We conclude that accuracy in this system was insufficient for high-precision purposes such as finding nests. However, in the absence of a dense array of fixed receivers, the use of drone-borne Motus receivers may be a cost-effective way to augment the quantity and quality of data, relative to deploying personnel in difficult-to-access terrain.

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“…Eine kleinere Kolonie vom 300.000 Brutpaaren auf diesen Inseln war bekannt, obwohl diese so gut wie nie vorher von Forschern besucht worden waren. Flüge mit Drohnen über den Inseln führten dann zu auszählbaren Aufnahmen . So steigt die Gesamtsumme der Adéliepinguine sprunghaft von 3,79 auf 4,99 Mio.…”

Section: Der Kaiserpinguin Im Antarktischen öKosystemunclassified

Der Kaiserpinguin – ein Vogel der Superlative

Kostrzewa¹

2020

Biologie in unserer Zeit

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Zusammenfassung Nach vorsichtigen Schätzungen beherbergt das antarktische Ökosystem knapp 200 Millionen Seevögel, davon sind etwa 26 Millionen Pinguine. Kaiserpinguine machen davon nur ca. 600.000 Individuen aus. Sie gehören zu den am wenigsten untersuchten Pinguinarten, weil sie nur auf dem Antarktischen Kontinent vorgelagerten Meereis brüten. Im Winter – während Eiablage und Brutzeit – sind sie durch einen bis zu 1.000 Kilometer breiten Meereisgürtel isoliert, der nur von Polynjas unterbrochen wird, offene Stellen im Eis, die den Vögeln Zugang zum Meer ermöglichen. Erst ab Oktober kommen auch Eisbrecher wieder in die Nähe einzelner Kolonien, so dass das Studium des ganzen Jahreszyklus, ja nicht einmal des ganzen Brutzyklus, nicht ohne weiteres möglich ist. 1902 wurde überhaupt die erste Kolonie in der Ostantarktis entdeckt. Ab den 1950er Jahren kamen gut 40 weitere dazu. Der Kontinent hat sehr lange (17.968 km) und unübersichtliche Küsten. Erst durch neue Techniken der Fernerkundung konnten neue Kolonien aus dem Weltraum entdeckt werden, heute zählt man mehr als 54 und gewinnt auch einen guten Überblick über die Population. Ihre Zukunft wird stark vom Eisregime abhängen. Die Tendenz in der West‐Antarktis ist stark rückläufig. Neue Auswertungen der letzten 40 Jahre der Eisentwicklung auf Satellitenfotos bestätigen auch deutliche Rückgänge für Teile der Ost‐Antarktis [23].

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Multi-modal survey of Adélie penguin mega-colonies reveals the Danger Islands as a seabird hotspot

Cited by 79 publications

References 43 publications

The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges

The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges

Estimating Wildlife Tag Location Errors from a VHF Receiver Mounted on a Drone

Der Kaiserpinguin – ein Vogel der Superlative

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