Multi-modal imaging and anatomic classification of the white dot syndromes

Abstract

The white dot syndromes (WDS) are a diverse group of posterior uveitidies that share similar clinical findings but are unique from one another. Multimodal imaging has allowed us to better understand the morphology, the activity and age of lesions, and whether there is CNV associated with these different ocular pathologies. The “white dot syndromes” and their uveitic masqueraders can now be anatomically categorized based on lesion localization. The categories include local uveitic syndromes with choroidal pathology, systemic uveitic syndromes with choroidal pathology, and multifocal choroiditis with outer retinal/choriocapillaris pathology with uveitis and without uveitis. Neoplastic and infectious etiologies are also discussed given their ability to masquerade as WDS.

Long-term results of intravitreal bevacizumab and dexamethasone for the treatment of punctate inner choroidopathy associated with choroidal neovascularization: A case series

“…PIC typically affects young myopic patients and is characterized by yellow-grey choroidal lesions progressing to chorioretinal scars and eventually choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) formation or subretinal fibrosis. 3 , 4 The clinical symptoms include scotomas, photopsias, floaters, photophobia, metamorphopsia and reduced visual acuity. 5 , 6 …”

Ophthalmic and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

“…21,22 Indeed, the loss of integrity of the outer retina may arise from inflammatory insult, and can occur in various forms of multifocal chorioretinopathies. 23,24 It is essential to include other systemic conditions such as sarcoidosis or tuberculosis, in the differential diagnosis of WDS diseases. In our case, the finding of an extent hematologic, inflammatory and infectious, laboratory workup was negative.…”

Placoid chorioretinopathiák szisztémás fertőzésekben

“…enzyme immunoassay; CMV = cytomegalovirus; DNS = dezoxiribonukleinsav; EBV = Epstein-Barr-vírus; FAF = fundus autofluoreszcencia; FLAG = fluoreszcens angiográfia; FTA-ABs = (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) fluoreszcens Treponema-antitest-abszorpció; HIV = humán immundeficientiavírus; HSV = herpes simplex vírus; ICG = indocianinzöld angiográfia; IGM = immunglobulin M; NE = nemzetközi egység; OCT = optikaikoherencia-tomográfia; OCTA = optikaikoherencia-tomográfiás angiográfia; PCR = (polymerase chain reaction) polimeráz-láncreakció; PPM = perzisztens placoid maculopathia; RPR = rapid plazmareagin; SC = serpiginosus chorioiditis; SLC = (serpiginosus-like choroiditis) serpiginosusszerű chorioiditis; tbc = tuberkulózis; TPPA = (Treponema pallidum particle agglutination) Treponema pallidum-részecs-ke-agglutináció; VDRL = (venereal diseases research laboratory) nemibetegség-kutató laboratórium; VZV = varicella-zoster vírus; WHO = (World Health Organization) Egészségügyi Világszervezet A placoid chorioretinopathiák heterogén szemészeti kórképek csoportját alkotják, melyet a szemgolyó hátsó pólusát érintő, multifokális gyulladásos folyamatok jellemeznek a retina külső rétegei, a retinalis pigmentepithelium és a chorioidea szintjében [1].…”

“…A betegségcsoport etioló-giájának meghatározása döntő; a betegek alapos immunológiai és infektológiai kivizsgálása nélkülözhetetlen a megfelelő terápia megkezdése céljából [1,2]. A placoid chorioretinopathiák típusait az 1. táblázat foglalja össze.…”