Multi-MeV Proton Source Investigations in Ultraintense Laser-Foil Interactions

Borghesi, M.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Campbell, David H.; Hicks, D. G.; Kar, S.; Patel, P. K.; Price, D.; Romagnani, L.; Schiavi, A.; Willi, O.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.055003

Cited by 290 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The result is similar to estimations applied in reference [3,99]. In comparison to conventional proton accelerators with an usual emittance in the order of 1 π mm mrad [100] laser generated proton beams have tenfold up to hundredfold lower emittance.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Beam Emittancesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A mesh was inserted into the proton beam -intersecting the beam in small beamlets. From the detected mesh image the angular spread (∆Θ = x ′ 0 ) can be determined [99] by:…”

Section: Measurement Of the Beam Emittancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the following, experiments similar to reference [99] have been applied to estimate the emittance for proton beams generated with the TW Ti:Sa laser at the Max-Born-Institute.…”

Section: Irregularities Of the Thomson Parabolasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model of the virtual proton source [99] describes the propagation of the proton beam after the acceleration process, when the beam is not interacting with itself anymore (e.g. space charge effects in non-neutral and dense ion beams are negligible).…”

Section: Virtual Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigations of Field Dynamics in Laser Plasmas with Proton Imaging

Sokollik

2011

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Section: Measurement Of the Beam Emittancesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A mesh was inserted into the proton beam -intersecting the beam in small beamlets. From the detected mesh image the angular spread (∆Θ = x ′ 0 ) can be determined [99] by:…”

Section: Measurement Of the Beam Emittancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the following, experiments similar to reference [99] have been applied to estimate the emittance for proton beams generated with the TW Ti:Sa laser at the Max-Born-Institute.…”

Section: Irregularities Of the Thomson Parabolasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Virtual Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigations of Field Dynamics in Laser Plasmas with Proton Imaging

Sokollik

2011

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“…This should aid both carrying out higher detail simulations and design of proof-of-principle experiments to enable applications in both ion and proton beam focusing to a small spot for targets and for beam collimation for injection in an accelerator. Short pulse laser-illuminated foils produce proton beams with very low emittances, high enough energy, and high spacecharge intensity [24][25][26][27]. Such proton beams provide an opportunity to test passive foil focusing on existing laboratory systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envelope model for passive magnetic focusing of an intense proton or ion beam propagating through thin foils

Lund

Cohen

2013

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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Ion beams (including protons) with low emittance and high space-charge intensity can be propagated with normal incidence through a sequence of thin metallic foils separated by vacuum gaps of order the characteristic transverse beam extent to transport/collimate the beam or to focus it to a small transverse spot. Energetic ions have sufficient range to pass through a significant number of thin foils with little energy loss or scattering. The foils reduce the (defocusing) radial electric self-field of the beam while not altering the (focusing) azimuthal magnetic self-field of the beam, thereby allowing passive self-beam focusing if the magnetic field is sufficiently strong relative to the residual electric field. Here we present an envelope model developed to predict the strength of this passive (beam generated) focusing effect under a number of simplifying assumptions including relatively long pulse duration. The envelope model provides a simple criterion for the necessary foil spacing for net focusing and clearly illustrates system focusing properties for either beam collimation (such as injecting a laser-produced proton beam into an accelerator) or for magnetic pinch focusing to a small transverse spot (for beam driven heating of materials). An illustrative example is worked for an idealization of a recently performed laser-produced proton-beam experiment to provide guidance on possible beam focusing and collimation systems. It is found that foils spaced on the order of the characteristic transverse beam size desired can be employed and that envelope divergence of the initial beam entering the foil lens must be suppressed to limit the total number of foils required to practical values for pinch focusing. Relatively modest proton-beam current at 10 MeV kinetic energy can clearly demonstrate strong magnetic pinch focusing achieving a transverse rms extent similar to the foil spacing (20-50 m gaps) in beam propagation distances of tens of mm. This is a surprisingly optimistic result since placing many foils per characteristic beam radius, which one might expect to be necessary to strongly attenuate the self-electric field, would likely result in excessive scattering and loss of focusing from the current neutralization due to the beam propagating too far through solid metal. Results from the envelope model are compared with particle-in-cell simulations to help clarify limits related to envelope-model idealizations. Possible degradations of focusing in situations where strong halo can be generated and where pulse duration is short are clarified.

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Femtosecond petawatt laser

Jeong

Lee

2014

Annalen der Physik

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The high-power femtosecond laser has now become an excellent scientific tool for the study of not only relativistic laser-matter interactions but also scientific applications. The high-power femtosecond laser depends on the Kerr-lens modelocking (KLM) and chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) technique. An all-Ti:sapphire-based 30-fs PW CPA laser, which is called the PULSER (Petawatt Ultrashort Laser System for Extreme Science Research) has been recently constructed and is being used for accelerating the charged particles (electrons and protons) and generating ultrashort high-energy photon (X-ray and γ -ray) sources. In this review, the world-wide PW-level femtosecond laser systems are first summarized, the output performances of the PULSER-I & II are described, and the future upgrade plan of the PULSER to the multi-PW level is also discussed. Then, several experimental results on particle (electron and proton) acceleration and X-ray generation in the intensity range of mid-10 18 W/cm 2 to mid-10 20 W/cm 2 are described. Experimental demonstrations for the newly proposed phenomena and the understanding of physical mechanisms in relativistic and ultrarelativistic regimes are highly expected as increasing the laser peak intensity up to over 10 22 W/cm 2 ∼10 23 W/cm 2 .

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Multi-MeV Proton Source Investigations in Ultraintense Laser-Foil Interactions

Cited by 290 publications

References 22 publications

Investigations of Field Dynamics in Laser Plasmas with Proton Imaging

Investigations of Field Dynamics in Laser Plasmas with Proton Imaging

Envelope model for passive magnetic focusing of an intense proton or ion beam propagating through thin foils

Femtosecond petawatt laser

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