Multi-element Saha–Boltzmann and Boltzmann plots in laser-induced plasmas

Aguilera, J.A.; Aragón, C.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2007.03.024

Cited by 157 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…(23) shows that the linear limit of a Cσ graph leads, in a logarithmic plot, to the multi-element Boltzmann plots, described in [34] as a particular case of multi-element Saha-Boltzmann plots.…”

Section: Cσ Graphsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Aragón

Aguilera

2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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a b s t r a c tA generalization of curves of growth called CSigma (Cσ) graphs, which allows including several lines of various elements in the same ionization state at different concentrations, is proposed for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) experiments. The method relies on the Boltzmann, Saha and radiative transfer equations for plasmas in local thermodynamic equilibrium. Cσ graphs are based on the calculation of a line cross section σ l for each of the experimental data, starting from the atomic data of the line, the temperature and the electron density. A model of homogeneous plasma, applied separately for neutral atoms and ions, is used. A limit of validity is established for this model. Experimental Cσ graphs have been obtained using fused glass samples containing Fe, Mn, Mg, Si and Cr. By fitting experimental Cσ graphs to calculated curves, the LIBS system becomes characterized by a set of four parameters βA, Nl, T, N e , different for neutral atoms and ions. Starting from this characterization, the intensity and selfabsorption of a given spectral line of an element at a certain concentration may be predicted, provided that its atomic data are known and the limit of validity is not exceeded.

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Section: Cσ Graphsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Aragón

Aguilera

2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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“…This method is recommended in the analysis of space resolved spectra or when the plasma inhomogeneity can be neglected. In the same paper the plasma temperature was obtained by multiple-element data regression in the Saha-Boltzmann plot, as earlier proposed in [47].…”

Section: Variantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: State of the art

Tognoni

Cristoforetti

Legnaioli

et al. 2010

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

384

177

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“…(1) by determining T from a Boltzmann plot of a single element. However, the sparse signals observed from bulk fluids in this work consist of just a few peaks or doublets for each element and do not contain enough information to estimate T accurately (Miziolek et al, 2006;Aguilera and Arago, 2007). For the purpose of this study, a constant value of T is assumed.…”

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Thornton

Takahashi

Sato

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

160

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a b s t r a c tSpectroscopy is emerging as a technique that can expand the envelope of modern oceanographic sensors. The selectivity of spectroscopic techniques enables a single instrument to measure multiple components of the marine environment and can form the basis for versatile tools to perform in situ geochemical analysis. We have developed a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (ChemiCam) and successfully deployed the instrument from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to perform in situ multi-element analysis of both seawater and mineral deposits at depths of over 1000 m. The instrument consists of a long-nanosecond duration pulse-laser, a spectrometer and a high-speed camera. Power supply, instrument control and signal telemetry are provided through a ROV tether. The instrument has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the laser is focused directly into seawater and spectroscopic measurements of seawater composition are performed. In the second mode, a fiberoptic cable assembly is used to make spectroscopic measurements of mineral deposits. In this mode the laser is fired through a 4 m long fiber-optic cable and is focused onto the target's surface using an optical head and a linear stage that can be held by a ROV manipulator. In this paper, we describe the instrument and the methods developed to process its measurements. Exemplary measurements of both seawater and mineral deposits made during deployments of the device at an active hydrothermal vent field in the Okinawa trough are presented. Through integration with platforms such as underwater vehicles, drilling systems and subsea observatories, it is hoped that this technology can contribute to more efficient scientific surveys of the deep-sea environment.

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Multi-element Saha–Boltzmann and Boltzmann plots in laser-induced plasmas

Cited by 157 publications

References 38 publications

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

CSigma graphs: A new approach for plasma characterization in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: State of the art

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

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