Promoting the welfare, protection and care of children during the coronavirus
pandemicThe coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has precipitated multiple unplanned and abrupt changes in the lives of children and families across the globe. The outbreak has prompted lockdowns, social distancing measures and diversion of resources to adult health care to treat the seriously ill and to try and reduce the rate of transmission. Access to children's health and social care services has been severely disrupted. The United Nations has warned of "unprecedented risks to the rights and safety and development of the world's children" and of widening health, social and economic inequalities (United Nations, 2020, p. 1).Drawing on findings from research conducted in the early stages of the pandemic and on the expert opinions of authors from Africa, Europe, Australia, North America and South America, this special issue of the Journal of Children's Services brings together a collection of viewpoint papers which explore the early impacts that the pandemic has had on children with diverse needs, in different contexts and on those providing care. It explores how children and families, social workers, allied professionals and communities have responded to the challenges that have emerged and recommends a range of measures to try and minimise harm and uphold the rights of children and their families.
Changes in children's visibility and vulnerabilityAs the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) has highlighted, the pandemic amplifies a range of vulnerabilities as access to health, education and welfare have been constrained and pressures on families have intensified. Owusu and Frimpong-Manso (2020) discuss the risks the pandemic poses to the survival and development of children in Ghana, where evidence suggests 73% of children are multi-dimensionally poor (National Development Planning Commission [NDCP], 2020). School closures have resulted in loss of access to free school meals and increased food insecurity. Moreover, digital poverty has undermined access to education and opportunities to learn. Reductions in household income as a result of the pandemic have also heightened the risk of street-ism and child labour. In response, the authors' signal the need to strengthen social assistance programmes and the importance of management information systems to facilitate the timely delivery of social care services and provision of integrated care.Rafferty's (2020) paper, focusing on promoting the welfare, protection and care of victims of child trafficking, suggests that based on learning from previous pandemics, it is likely that vulnerabilities will be heightened via the following mediating pathways: economic insecurity and poverty-related stress; quarantines and social isolation; exposure to exploitative relationships and inability to escape abuse; reduced health service availability; and exposure to violence and coercion (Petterman et al., 2020). In this context, she proposes commitment to upholding the principles and com...