MRI Techniques in Early Stages of Cartilage Disease

Burstein, Deborah; Bashir, Adil; Gray, Martha L.

doi:10.1097/00004424-200010000-00008

Cited by 221 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Therefore, alternative methods for the estimation of the amounts of proteoglycans are desirable. The method of delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) (47,48) can be applied for this purpose. We found that the 23 Na residual quadrupolar interaction, which is conveniently measured by multiple quantum filtered NMR techniques, is sensitive to PG depletion (49,50).…”

Section: Na Spectroscopy and Imaging Of Intact And Pg-depleted Articumentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

Shinar

Navon

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

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Studies of the structure of articular cartilage by a number of NMR spectroscopic and imaging techniques are reviewed. Advantage is taken of the fact that the NMR investigations can be done non-invasively on the intact tissue and do not require sectioning, slicing and decalcification as in the case of electron microscopy. The different contributions to 1 H T 2 relaxation are described and it is pointed out that ignoring the biexponential behavior of the transverse relaxation can lead to serious errors in the proton density measurements and the T 2 characterization of the articular cartilage. A way to slow the transverse relaxation and to minimize its angular dependence by the use of dipolar echo is described. 2 H double quantum filtered spectroscopic MRI is a powerful technique to follow the orientation and density of the collagen fibers in articular cartilage. Using this technique, it was found that attachment of the cartilage to the bone has a stabilizing effect on the collagen matrix and that the hydroxyapatite in the calcified zone resides near the collagen fibers but does not contribute to their order. In response to mechanical pressure, it was shown that the collagen fibers flatten near the surface and become crimped near the bone. A number of NMR techniques have been described for the measurement of 23 Na residual quadrupolar interaction. It was found that this can serve as a very sensitive measure of the depletion of proteoglycans. Finally, a combination of the above techniques was used to study a maturation of articular cartilage in pigs. The increased order and density of the collagen fibers from newborn to adult pigs revealed itself as a shortening of T 2 and significant increase of the residual quadrupolar interaction of both 2 H and 23 Na nuclei.

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Section: Na Spectroscopy and Imaging Of Intact And Pg-depleted Articumentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

Shinar

Navon

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

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“…There are many good reviews describing the basics and potential of MRI in cartilage assessment (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). This paper focuses on novel methodologies of highresolution MRI for the noninvasive characterization of cartilage network structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

Gründer¹

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

121

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In T 2 -weighted MRI images joint cartilage can appear laminated. The multilaminar appearance is visualized as zones of different intensity. This appearance is based on the dipolar interaction of water molecules within cartilage zones of different collageneous network structures. Therefore, the MR visualization of zones of anisotropic arrangement of the collagen fibers depends upon their orientation to the static magnetic field (magic-angle effect). The aim of this article is to demonstrate the potential of high-resolution MRI for characterizing cartilage network structuring and biomechanical properties. Information equivalent to that from polarization light microscopy can be derived noninvasively. Based on NMR microscopic (mMRI) data, potential new possibilities of MRI for quantitative assessment of collagen structuring and intracartilagenous load distribution are presented. These methods use MR intensity angle dependence and load influence on cartilage visualization. Alternatively to the determination of mechanical parameters from cartilage deformation, it is demonstrated that stress distribution and biomechanical properties can be derived in principle from the local intensity variation of anisotropic fiber orientation zones. The limitations with respect to a clinical application of the proposed methods are discussed.

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“…These efforts are motivated by a compelling need to visualize cartilage features that are affected by disease or injury and that are expected to be modified by therapeutic strategies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approaches have emerged as the preferred means of imaging cartilage anatomy [ 10,13, 35,36], and numerous techniques are under development for the MRI assessment of cartilage biochemical properties [7,12,14,18,40,451.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially‐localized correlation of dGEMRIC‐measured GAG distribution and mechanical stiffness in the human tibial plateau

Samosky

Burstein

Grimson

et al. 2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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109

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The concentration of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in articular cartilage is known to be an important determinant of tissue mechanical properties based on numerous studies relating bulk G A G and mechanical properties. To date limited information exists regarding the relationship between GAG and mechanical properties on a spatially-localized basis in intact samples of native tissue. This relation can now be explored by using delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC-a recently available nondestructive magnetic resonance imaging method for measuring glycosaminoglycan concentration) combined with non-destructive mechanical indentation testing. In this study, three tibia1 plateaus from patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were imaged by dGEMRIC. At 3 3 4 4 test locations for each tibial plateau, the load response to focal indentation was measured as an index of cartilage stiffness. Overall, a high correlation was found between the dGEMRIC index ( Tlbd) and local stiffness (Pearson correlation coefficients r = 0.90, 0.64, 0.81; p < 0.0001) when the GAG at each test location was averaged over a depth of tissue comparable to that affected by the indentation. When GAG was averaged over larger depths, the correlations were generally lower. In addition, the correlations improved when the central and peripheral (submeniscal) areas of the tibial plateau were analyzed separately, suggesting that a factor other than G A G concentration is also contributing to indentation stiffness. The results demonstrate the importance of MRI in yielding spatial localization of GAG concentration in the evaluation of cartilage mechanical properties when heterogeneous samples are involved and suggest the possibility that the evaluation of mechanical properties may be improved further by adding other MRI parameters sensitive t o the collagen component of cartilage.

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MRI Techniques in Early Stages of Cartilage Disease

Cited by 221 publications

References 130 publications

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

Spatially‐localized correlation of dGEMRIC‐measured GAG distribution and mechanical stiffness in the human tibial plateau

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