Moving beyond the plane: measuring 3D home ranges of juvenile salamanders with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags

Ousterhout, Brittany H.; Burkhart, Jacob J.

doi:10.1007/s00265-017-2284-6

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…After measuring their phenotype, we individually marked salamanders and tracked dispersal in field enclosures. We marked salamanders with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags (Ousterhout andSemlitsch 2014, Ousterhout andBurkhart 2017). PIT tags allow otherwise prohibitively small animals to be tracked over sustained periods of time from a limited distance (Connette andSemlitsch 2012, Ousterhout andSemlitsch 2014).…”

Section: Juvenile Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have effectively used long, rectangular enclosures to assay amphibian movement (Rosenberg et al 1998, Rothermel and Semlitsch 2002, Osbourn et al 2014). Here we used enclosures that were over 14 times longer than the median home range of juvenile ringed salamanders (Ousterhout and Burkhart 2017). Each enclosure (50  2 m) was made from 90 cm tall silt fence wall that extended 15 cm underground and had a 10 cm wide baffle.…”

Section: Juvenile Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature

Ousterhout

Semlitsch

2018

Oikos

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Individuals vary greatly in the distance they disperse, and in doing so, strongly affect ecological and evolutionary processes. Dispersal, when viewed as a component of phenotype, can be affected independently or jointly by environment. However, among taxa with complex life cycles that occupy different habitats over ontogeny, the effects of environment on dispersal and the interaction between environment and phenotype remains poorly understood. Here, we conducted a field experiment to measure how dispersal distance was affected by phenotype, environment experienced before and after metamorphosis, and their interaction. We manipulated the environment encountered by a pond‐breeding salamander Ambystoma annulatum during the aquatic larval stage and again as dispersing terrestrial juveniles. After assaying juvenile phenotype (exploration behavior, body condition, and morphology), we then measured the initial distance dispersed by juveniles. The distance moved by dispersing salamanders was affected by attributes of both larval and juvenile habitat, with salamanders that encountered low quality habitat in either life stage moving the farthest. However, we did not find support for an interactive effect of phenotype and environment affecting the distance moved by dispersers. Interestingly, exploration behavior explained the distance moved by philopatric animals but not dispersing ones. Our findings indicate that the environment experienced before metamorphosis can affect juvenile dispersal behavior, and demonstrates the need to consider dispersal in species with complex life cycles to understand the coupling between local and regional population dynamics.

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Section: Juvenile Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Juvenile Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature

Ousterhout

Semlitsch

2018

Oikos

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“…Several characteristics make these species excellent subjects for evaluating the effects of urbanization with a landscape genetics approach. For instance, the species have small annual home ranges (spotted salamanders: up to 301 m 2 , Ousterhout and Burkhart, 2017;wood frogs: up to 32,165 m 2 , Blomquist & Hunter, 2010;Groff, Calhoun & Loftin, 2017), relatively short generation times (spotted salamanders: maturity in 2-7 years, Flageole & Leclair, 1992; wood frogs: maturity in 2-3 years, Sagor, Ouellet, Barten, & Green, 1998), and high rates of philopatry (Vasconcelos & Calhoun, 2004). Both species are vulnerable to degradation of the breeding sites they share within their overlapping ranges in the northeastern United States (Harper, Rittenhouse, & Semlitsch, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape genetics reveals unique and shared effects of urbanization for two sympatric pool‐breeding amphibians

Homola

Loftin

Kinnison

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Metapopulation‐structured species can be negatively affected when landscape fragmentation impairs connectivity. We investigated the effects of urbanization on genetic diversity and gene flow for two sympatric amphibian species, spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus), across a large (>35,000 km2) landscape in Maine, USA, containing numerous natural and anthropogenic gradients. Isolation‐by‐distance (IBD) patterns differed between the species. Spotted salamanders showed a linear and relatively high variance relationship between genetic and geographic distances (r = .057, p < .001), whereas wood frogs exhibited a strongly nonlinear and lower variance relationship (r = 0.429, p < .001). Scale dependence analysis of IBD found gene flow has its most predictable influence (strongest IBD correlations) at distances up to 9 km for spotted salamanders and up to 6 km for wood frogs. Estimated effective migration surfaces revealed contrasting patterns of high and low genetic diversity and gene flow between the two species. Population isolation, quantified as the mean IBD residuals for each population, was associated with local urbanization and less genetic diversity in both species. The influence of geographic proximity and urbanization on population connectivity was further supported by distance‐based redundancy analysis and multiple matrix regression with randomization. Resistance surface modeling found interpopulation connectivity to be influenced by developed land cover, light roads, interstates, and topography for both species, plus secondary roads and rivers for wood frogs. Our results highlight the influence of anthropogenic landscape features within the context of natural features and broad spatial genetic patterns, in turn supporting the premise that while urbanization significantly restricts interpopulation connectivity for wood frogs and spotted salamanders, specific landscape elements have unique effects on these two sympatric species.

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“…Of these, the first two represent the surface of the Earth and are either represented as geographic coordinates (longitude, latitude) or projected in some type of projected coordinate system (x – northing, y – easting). The third coordinate differs depending on the animal species: it can be elevation for species moving in highly variable terrain, such as deer in the mountains [2], altitude above the surface of the Earth for flying species [3] and species with a habitat in the forest canopies [4] or depth for fish [5, 6] or fossorial species [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many current tracking technologies allow location sampling in three physical dimensions: for example, GPS trackers measure elevation as well as longitude and latitude (although with worse accuracy for elevation than for the two surface dimensions) [8] and many bio-loggers for marine species include depth sensors [9]. Three-dimensional location can also be extracted from stereo video footage [6] or in recent studies sometimes using passive integrated transponder tracking [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential path volume (PPV): a geometric estimator for space use in 3D

Demšar

Long

2019

Mov Ecol

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Background Many animals move in three dimensions and many animal tracking studies collect the data on their movement in three physical dimensions. However, there is a lack of approaches that consider the vertical dimension when estimating animal space use, which is problematic, as this can lead to mistakes in quantification of spatial differentiation, level of interaction between individuals or species, and the use of resources at different vertical levels. Methods This paper introduces a new geometric estimator for space use in 3D, the Potential Path Volume (PPV). The concept is based on time geography and generalises the accessibility measure, the Potential Path Area (PPA) into three dimensions. We derive the PPV mathematically and present an algorithm for their calculation. Results We demonstrate the use of the PPV in a case study using an open data set of 3D bird tracking data. We also calculate the size of the PPV to see how this corresponds to trip type (specifically, we calculate PPV sizes for departure/return foraging trips from/to a colony) and evaluate the effect of the temporal sampling on the PPV size. PPV sizes increase with the increased temporal resolution, but we do not see the expected pattern than return PPV should be smaller than departure PPV. We further discuss the problem of different speeds in vertical and horizontal directions that are typical for animal movement and to address this rescale the PPV with the ratio of the two speeds. Conclusions The PPV method represents a new tool for space use analysis in movement ecology where object movement occurs in three dimensions, and one which can be extended to numerous different application areas. Trial registration N/A Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40462-019-0158-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Moving beyond the plane: measuring 3D home ranges of juvenile salamanders with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature

Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature

Landscape genetics reveals unique and shared effects of urbanization for two sympatric pool‐breeding amphibians

Potential path volume (PPV): a geometric estimator for space use in 3D

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