Motivation and semantic context affect brain error-monitoring activity: An event-related brain potentials study

Ganushchak, Lesya Y.; Schiller, Niels O.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.001

Cited by 105 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies manipulating the amount of monetary loss for errors used only a single error type, although the amount of monetary loss was known before the error was committed. In these studies, monetary loss was manipulated between blocks of trials (Gehring et al, 1993;Ganushchak and Schiller, 2008) or was indicated by a cue or the stimulus (Hajcak et al, 2005;Potts, 2011). As a consequence, detection of an error was sufficient to update expected outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If updating expected outcome were based on an evaluation of error type, the Ne/ERN should be sensitive to the specific error type (i.e., larger Ne/ERNs should be obtained for errors associated with larger monetary loss). Although previous studies have shown that the Ne/ERN varies with the amount of monetary loss (Gehring et al, 1993;Hajcak et al, 2005;Ganushchak and Schiller, 2008;Potts, 2011), in none of these studies was an evaluation of error type necessary to update outcome expectations. Therefore, such a result would demonstrate that complex performance monitoring processes beyond mere error detection inform expected outcome computation already at a very early time point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updating Expected Action Outcome in the Medial Frontal Cortex Involves an Evaluation of Error Type

Maier

Steinhauser

2013

J. Neurosci.

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Forming expectations about the outcome of an action is an important prerequisite for action control and reinforcement learning in the human brain. The medial frontal cortex (MFC) has been shown to play an important role in the representation of outcome expectations, particularly when an update of expected outcome becomes necessary because an error is detected. However, error detection alone is not always sufficient to compute expected outcome because errors can occur in various ways and different types of errors may be associated with different outcomes. In the present study, we therefore investigate whether updating expected outcome in the human MFC is based on an evaluation of error type. Our approach was to consider an electrophysiological correlate of MFC activity on errors, the error-related negativity (Ne/ERN), in a task in which two types of errors could occur. Because the two error types were associated with different amounts of monetary loss, updating expected outcomes on error trials required an evaluation of error type. Our data revealed a pattern of Ne/ERN amplitudes that closely mirrored the amount of monetary loss associated with each error type, suggesting that outcome expectations are updated based on an evaluation of error type. We propose that this is achieved by a proactive evaluation process that anticipates error types by continuously monitoring error sources or by dynamically representing possible response-outcome relations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating Expected Action Outcome in the Medial Frontal Cortex Involves an Evaluation of Error Type

Maier

Steinhauser

2013

J. Neurosci.

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“…This paradigm entails a manipulation of the context in which identical object pictures are named. Behavioral studies have shown that naming latencies increase when objects are grouped or blocked into semantically related or homogeneous categories (e.g., chicken, whale, rabbit, giraffe, lamb) compared with noncategorized or heterogeneous groups or blocks (e.g., skirt, melon, tractor, cat, radish) (Ganushchak & Schiller, 2008;Belke, Meyer, & Damian, 2005;Maess, Friederici, Damian, Meyer, & Levelt, 2002;Vigliocco, Lauer, Damian, & Levelt, 2002;Damian, Vigliocco, & Levelt, 2001;Levelt et al, 1999;Kroll & Stewart, 1994). When naming objects in semantically homogeneous contexts, the self-monitoring system is presumed to be engaged to a greater degree than in heterogeneous contexts (e.g., to check whether the correct alternative has been chosen; see Ganushchak & Schiller, 2008;Maess et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic Context and Visual Feature Effects in Object Naming: An fMRI Study using Arterial Spin Labeling

Hocking¹,

McMahon²,

Zubicaray³

2009

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract& Previous behavioral studies reported a robust effect of increased naming latencies when objects to be named were blocked within semantic category, compared to items blocked between category. This semantic context effect has been attributed to various mechanisms including inhibition or excitation of lexico-semantic representations and incremental learning of associations between semantic features and names, and is hypothesized to increase demands on verbal self-monitoring during speech production. Objects within categories also share many visual structural features, introducing a potential confound when interpreting the level at which the context effect might occur. Consistent with previous findings, we report a significant increase in response latencies when naming categorically related objects within blocks, an effect associated with increased perfusion fMRI signal bilaterally in the hippocampus and in the left middle to posterior superior temporal cortex. No perfusion changes were observed in the middle section of the left middle temporal cortex, a region associated with retrieval of lexical-semantic information in previous object naming studies. Although a manipulation of visual feature similarity did not influence naming latencies, we observed perfusion increases in the perirhinal cortex for naming objects with similar visual features that interacted with the semantic context in which objects were named. These results provide support for the view that the semantic context effect in object naming occurs due to an incremental learning mechanism, and involves increased demands on verbal self-monitoring. &

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“…This strategy was adopted because EEG is highly susceptible to mouth movements that could possibly mask the cognitive components of interest. However, at least one EEG study and several MEG studies have shown that artifact-free brain responses can be measured up to at least 400 ms after picture onset (10)(11)(12)(13), and a few recent ERP studies demonstrated that classical ERP components can be replicated during overt picture naming (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

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confidence: 99%

The time course of word retrieval revealed by event-related brain potentials during overt speech

Costa

Strijkers

Martin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

209

260

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Speech production is one of the most fundamental activities of humans. A core cognitive operation involved in this skill is the retrieval of words from long-term memory, that is, from the mental lexicon. In this article, we establish the time course of lexical access by recording the brain electrical activity of participants while they named pictures aloud. By manipulating the ordinal position of pictures belonging to the same semantic categories, the cumulative semantic interference effect, we were able to measure the exact time at which lexical access takes place. We found significant correlations between naming latencies, ordinal position of pictures, and event-related potential mean amplitudes starting 200 ms after picture presentation and lasting for 180 ms. The study reveals that the brain engages extremely fast in the retrieval of words one wishes to utter and offers a clear time frame of how long it takes for the competitive process of activating and selecting words in the course of speech to be resolved.electrophysiology ͉ lexical access ͉ speech production W ord selection is a crucial step in speech production. Considering that the average lexicon contains Ϸ50,000 lexical entries and that an average speaker utters approximately three words per second, the process of lexical retrieval needs to proceed at high speed and with great accuracy. Failures of this process result in speech errors or anomia, which limit communication, as acutely demonstrated in production aphasia, for instance. Although our understanding of how speakers retrieve words from the lexicon has considerably increased in recent years (1-4), the neural implementation of this process remains poorly understood. In particular, insights regarding the time course of word retrieval in speech production are sparse, and most of the chronometric evidence available is derived from event-related potential (ERP) studies relying on button-press responses rather than in actual overt speech production (5-9). This strategy was adopted because EEG is highly susceptible to mouth movements that could possibly mask the cognitive components of interest. However, at least one EEG study and several MEG studies have shown that artifact-free brain responses can be measured up to at least 400 ms after picture onset (10-13), and a few recent ERP studies demonstrated that classical ERP components can be replicated during overt picture naming (14-17).Although these latter studies reveal the validity of ERPs for studying overt naming, they have not directly investigated the issue of the time course of lexical selection, but rather other aspects of word production (e.g., morphological processing, bilingual language control, etc.). It is the goal of the present study to identify the time course of word selection during overt naming, capitalizing on the fine temporal resolution of ERPs. In this study, we directly measure the time course of word retrieval during overt naming. Such temporal information is invaluable for understanding brain mechanisms underlying speech pro...

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Motivation and semantic context affect brain error-monitoring activity: An event-related brain potentials study

Cited by 105 publications

References 46 publications

Updating Expected Action Outcome in the Medial Frontal Cortex Involves an Evaluation of Error Type

Updating Expected Action Outcome in the Medial Frontal Cortex Involves an Evaluation of Error Type

Semantic Context and Visual Feature Effects in Object Naming: An fMRI Study using Arterial Spin Labeling

The time course of word retrieval revealed by event-related brain potentials during overt speech

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