Motivation and Self-Regulation in Addiction

Kőpetz, Catalina; Lejuez, Carl W.; Wiers, Reinout W.; Kruglanski, Arie W.

doi:10.1177/1745691612457575

Cited by 119 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 225 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A bidirectional association between urges and alcohol consumption is consistent with contemporary cognitive–behavioral models of addiction . These models generally posit that urges are elicited by cues, and when followed by drinking the associations between cue, urge and drinking are strengthened.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Trajectories of drinking urges and the initiation of abstinence during cognitive–behavioral alcohol treatment

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aims Drinking urges during treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are common, can cause distress, and predict relapse. Clients may have little awareness of how their drinking urges might be expected to change during AUD treatment in general and in response to initiating abstinence. The aim of the present study was to test whether drinking urges change on a daily level during treatment and after initiating abstinence. Design Secondary data analysis was performed using daily drinking urge ratings from two randomized clinical trials. Setting and Participants Women (N=98) and men (N=79) with AUDs in separate clinical trials of outpatient AUD-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy. Measurements Daily dichotomous indicators of any drinking urges or acute escalations in urges (i.e., at least two more urges compared with the previous day) were examined using generalized linear mixed growth-curve modeling. Findings Participants who initiated abstinence reported reductions in urges immediately thereafter (log odds ratios: women B=−0.701, p<.001; men B=−0.628, p=0.018), followed by additional, gradual reductions over time (women B=−0.118, p<.001; men B=−0.141, p<.001). Participants who entered treatment abstaining from alcohol also reported significant reductions in urges over time (women B=−0.147, p<.001; men B=−0.142, p<.001). Participants who drank throughout treatment had smaller (women B=−0.042, p =.012) or no reductions in urges (men B=0.015, p=.545). There was no evidence that urges systematically increased in response to initiating abstinence. Conclusions Drinking urges during outpatient behavioral treatment for alcohol use disorders may be maintained in part by alcohol consumption. Initiating abstinence is associated with reductions in drinking urges immediately and then more gradually over time.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Trajectories of drinking urges and the initiation of abstinence during cognitive–behavioral alcohol treatment

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Addictive disorders are characterized by diminished motivational control and intense craving for the addictive behaviour, making self‐motivated treatment‐seeking challenging . Estimates suggest that fewer than 10% of the 15 million people in the United States with an alcohol use disorder seek professional help ; similar proportions apply to gambling addiction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community reinforcement and family training and rates of treatment entry: a systematic review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims Adaptations with different modes of delivery and target addictions have found highly divergent rates of success for Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT). This study aims to clarify which (1) treatment components and (2) participant characteristics contribute to rates of identified patient (IP) treatment entry.Method Systematic review of CRAFT evaluation studies of all designs (controlled and uncontrolled) with data synthesis and narrative analysis of addiction treatment services and university research departments in North America and Europe.Results A total of 691 concerned significant others (CSOs), predominately female spouses/parents, participating in 20 distinct treatment conditions from 14 studies. The main outcome of IP treatment entry rate reported by CSOs up to 12 months after starting CRAFT with key predictors/correlates including IP addiction, IP-CSO relationship, CRAFT modality and integration of treatment for IP. Meta-analysis found CRAFT to be twice as effective as controls/comparison groups. Multi-modality treatment, including both individual and group sessions, yielded the highest IP treatment entry rates (77 and 86%), with progressively lower rates for individual (12.5-71%), group (60%) and self-directed workbook (13.3-40%) modalities. While all five studies targeting gambling addiction had consistently low rates (12.5-23%), other treatment components, including therapist training, treatment fidelity and integrating treatment for the IP, were implicated. Conclusions Adaptations of Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training for different delivery modalities and addictions have yielded widely varying rates of treatment engagement for the identified patient, with those offering the most comprehensive support to the concerned significant other, including individual and group sessions, having highest levels of engagement success.

show abstract

“…Cultural differences may also be important . Another important finding is that drug user generally quitted and came back again to the same wrong practice, that is an indicator that these efforts are mostly individual and not based on well‐organized rehabilitation programmes and also show that the motivation for drug use is always present …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug abuse in Syria: pattern of use, causes and perception as perceived by Syrian addicts

Abazid

Abou‐Isba

Farha

et al. 2020

J Pharm Health Serv Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the current pattern, causes and attitude towards drug use amongst Syrian prisoners who were incarcerated due to their using drugs. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey-based study that was conducted over a period of six months. Prisoners were recruited from two main civil prisons in Syria. The data collected in this study were through the use of a self-administered survey. The prisoners were met in a separate room away from their dormitories and they were asked to fill out the survey after obtaining their verbal consent. Keyfindings A total of 50 participants were recruited (response rate = 66.7%). Most of the prisoners (n = 29, 58.0%) started to use drugs at a friend's home, and the most commonly used drug was Hashish (weed and cannabis) (n = 22, 44.0%). Two-thirds of the participants (n = 34, 68.0%) said that they returned to drugs after quitting. The most common reason was using drugs for euphoria (n = 12, 24.0%). Regarding prisoners' beliefs about different causes of drug use, curiosity was found to be the most common cause of drug use (n = 19, 38.0%). Surprisingly, prisoners incorrectly believed that they can take drugs and they can stop them whenever they want (n = 34, 68.0%) and that drug use does not lead to addiction (n = 30, 60.0%).Conclusions The findings of this study indicate the need to devote more attention to family and peer influences on an individual's behaviour by policymakers, in developing preventive strategies. As well as, the need to raise the awareness of individuals in the society about drug use, subsequently, changes their incorrect perceptions towards drugs through several strategies including educational programmes as well as workshops whether in school, universities or social media.

show abstract

Motivation and Self-Regulation in Addiction

Cited by 119 publications

References 225 publications

Trajectories of drinking urges and the initiation of abstinence during cognitive–behavioral alcohol treatment

Trajectories of drinking urges and the initiation of abstinence during cognitive–behavioral alcohol treatment

Community reinforcement and family training and rates of treatment entry: a systematic review

Drug abuse in Syria: pattern of use, causes and perception as perceived by Syrian addicts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About