Motivation and active travel in adolescent girls and boys in Germany – Findings from the ARRIVE study

Adapting the behavioral regulation in active commuting to and from school questionnaire in Sweden: BR-ACS(SWE)

“…Similar to the results from Burgueño et al (2019) and contrasted with those from Marques et al (2022) and Renninger et al (2022) who reported marginal values for identified regulation, introjected regulation and amotivation, this research displayed AVE scores between 0.52 and 0.74. They met convergent validity evidence for the BR-ACS(SWE), implying that items comprising each factor suitably captured and well retained the meaning of each motivational form intended for measurement.…”

“…In line with the SDT assumptions (Ryan and Deci, 2020) and previous research on active transport (Burgueño et al, 2019;Niven and Markland, 2016;White et al, 2018;Renninger et al, 2022), the results of the linear regression analysis met criterion validity evidence for the Swedish instrument's version. Specifically, the intrinsic motivation, integrated and identified regulation were positively and significantly associated with ACS.…”

“…The results from the multi-group analysis gathered evidence underpinning the gender invariance assumption of the BR-ACS(SWE), which aligned with prior research (Burgueño et al, 2019;Marques et al, 2022;Renninger et al, 2022). These findings pointed out that the instrument performs equally for Swedish male and female children, which allowed us to analyze the potential differences by gender regarding every motivational form.…”

“…Stronger and positive scores were found for latent correlations among more adjacent factors, while weaker correlations were observed between progressively more distant factors and a negative correlation between intrinsic motivation and amotivation. Akin to previous research on active travel to school (Burgueño et al, 2019;Renninger et al, 2022), these correlation patterns drew a symplex-like structure (Ryan & Connell, 1989), which gathered further evidence in favor of the self-determination continuum (Ryan & Deci, 2020) in the ACS context. Furthermore, this study also provided psychometric support for a hierarchical three-factor model consisting of autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation, in line with previous research (Burgueño et al, 2019;Marques et al, 2022;White et al, 2018).…”

“…Evidence underpinning reliability and discriminant and criterion validity were also met (Burgueño et al, 2019). The BR-ACS questionnaire has been adapted to the Portuguese context of ACS in children and adolescents (Marques et al, 2022), as well as to the German general of active travel in adolescents (Renninger et al, 2022). Notwithstanding the instrument's good psychometric properties, high correlations were found between the three autonomous forms of motivation and between the two controlled forms of motivation (Burgueño et al, 2019;Marques et al, 2022), as well as marginal scores for extracted variance extracted in identified regulation, introjected regulation and amotivation (Marques et al, 2022;Renninger et al, 2022).…”