Motion of Iberia since the Late Jurassic: Results from detailed aeromagnetic measurements in the Newfoundland Basin

Srivastava, S. P.; Roest, W. R.; Kovacs, L. C.; Oakey, G N; Levesque, Steve; Verhoef, J.; Macnab, Ron

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(90)90442-b

Cited by 286 publications

(223 citation statements)

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“…Plate-tectonic wise, Iberia was an independent microplate separate from Europe and Africa from the late Middle Eocene until the beginning of the Miocene (Srivastava et al, 1990;Roest & Srivastava, 1991). In the earliest Miocene, its northern plate boundary became extinct and, as a consequence, the Iberian microplate became part of Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These regionally correlatable basinal deformation events indicate that stress-related episodic changes at the African-Iberian plate-boundary zone resulted in an essentially direct cause-and-effect relationship between the tectonostratigraphic evolution of Neogene basins in northern African (Morocco), southern Europe (Spain) and western Europe (France, Switzerland, Germany). of Africa until the Middle Eocene (Srivastava et al, 1990;Roest & Srivastava, 1991). The rotation of Iberia continued until the latest Cretaceous (Campanian).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This collision was associated with magmatic activity (generally related to transpression of strike-slip faults; Bordet, 1985;Hernandez & Bellon, 1985;Torres-Roldán et al, 1986; Di Battistini et al, 1987;Hernandez et al, 1987; Chotin & Aït Brahim, 1988; Aït Brahim & Chotin, 1990;El Bakkali et al, 1998; Zeck et al, 2000;Fernández-Soler, 2001) in a large area still characterised by scattered, low-magnitude earthquakes (concentrated at pre-existing structural weakness zones and most frequently focused at shallow to intermediate depths; Buforn et al, 1988Buforn et al, , 1995Morales et al, 1997). These varied phenomena are all responses to geodynamic processes controlled by the Africa-Europe convergence (Argus et al, 1989;Morales et al, 1999; Calvert et al, 2000;Gutscher et al, 2002).Plate-tectonic wise, Iberia was an independent microplate separate from Europe and Africa from the late Middle Eocene until the beginning of the Miocene (Srivastava et al, 1990;Roest & Srivastava, 1991). In the earliest Miocene, its northern plate boundary became extinct and, as a consequence, the Iberian microplate became part of Europe.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the earliest Miocene, its northern plate boundary became extinct and, as a consequence, the Iberian microplate became part of Europe. The Azores-Gibraltar Fault Zone then became the plate boundary between Africa and Europe (Srivastava et al, 1990;Roest & Srivastava, 1991). Indeed, from the Azores up to approximately Gibraltar the boundary is relatively simple and well-defined.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Sinistral motion occurred after an active plate boundary subject to left-lateral strike-slip faulting had been established at the northern margin of the Iberian block. Consequently, Iberia behaved like a promontory of Africa until the Middle Eocene (Srivastava et al, 1990;Roest & Srivastava, 1991). The rotation of Iberia continued until the latest Cretaceous (Campanian).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Punctuated Neogene tectonics and stratigraphy of the African-Iberian plate-boundary zone: concurrent development of Betic-Rif basins (southern Spain, northern Morocco)

Sissingh

2008

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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The geological configuration of the present-day Mediterranean is characterized by a complex and extensive system of both interconnected and fragmented fold-and thrust belts that is associated with back-arc basins (e.g. Carminati et al., 1998;Rosenbaum & Lister, 2004). Their tectonic structure and setting are varied, and the compressional origin and growth of the different belts and the formation of the adjoining extensional basins also varies considerably in age. The different fold-andthrusts belts did not evolve during one single, uninterrupted cycle of Alpine orogenesis, but are the ultimate outcome of a prolonged, polyphase process of intermittent plate-tectonic interaction between the African-Arabian and Eurasian plates. This resulted in the creation and ultimate disappearance of two major oceanic basins, the Palaeotethys (mainly Palaeozoic) and the Neotethys (late Palaeozoic-Mesozoic). As in the preceding Jurassic and Cretaceous times, the motions of Africa-Arabia relative to Eurasia during the Tertiary were an important control on the geological evolution of the Alpine Tethys (late Mesozoic-Tertiary). Various kinematic frameworks for palaeotectonic and palaeogeographic reconstructions have been proposed for the region (e.g. Dewey et al., 1989;Rosenbaum et al., 2002). These were mostly based on analysis of rotation parameters (poles of rotation, rotation angles), which allowed to constrain past relative velocities between Africa and Eurasia. In addition, analysis of North Atlantic magnetic lineations helped to constrain the movement of Africa and Europe relative to North America. The consensus view is that during the Late Cretaceous Africa converged towards Europe in a S-N directed rotational mode. This was contemporaneous with spreading of the Azores part of the North Atlantic, the coeval opening of the Gulf of Biscay like a sphenochasm and the resulting anti-clockwise rotation of Iberia with respect to Eurasia. Sinistral motion occurred after an active plate boundary subject to left-lateral strike-slip faulting had been established at the northern margin of the Iberian block. Consequently, Iberia behaved like a promontory AbstractThis paper integrates the sequence stratigraphic and tectonic data related to the Neogene geodynamic and palaeogeographic development of the African-Iberian plate boundary zone between Spain and Morocco. Though the dating of individual tectonostratigraphic sequences and their delimiting sequence boundaries varies in accuracy and precision, their apparent correlation strongly suggests contemporaneous development of the Betic and Rif basins. This may likely be attributed to regional changes of the overall compressional intra-plate stress field. This, in turn, was governed by coeval plate-kinematic changes related to the ongoing collisional convergence of Africa and Iberia. The Neogene succession is characterised by brief tectonic pulses that governed the sequence stratigraphic development of the Betic-Rif basins (NBR phases). It broadly correlates with the coeval sequences in the ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Punctuated Neogene tectonics and stratigraphy of the African-Iberian plate-boundary zone: concurrent development of Betic-Rif basins (southern Spain, northern Morocco)

Sissingh

2008

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Origin and consequences of western Mediterranean subduction, rollback, and slab segmentation

2014

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The western Mediterranean recorded subduction rollback, slab segmentation and separation.Here we address the questions of what caused Oligocene rollback initiation, and how its subsequent evolution split up an originally coherent fore arc into circum-southwest Mediterranean segments. We kinematically reconstruct western Mediterranean geology from subduction initiation to present, using Atlantic plate reconstructions as boundary condition. We test possible reconstructions against remnants of subducted lithosphere imaged by seismic tomography. Transform motion between Africa and Iberia (including the Baleares) between~120 and 85 Ma was followed by up to 150 km convergence until 30 Ma. Subduction likely initiated along the transform fault that accommodated pre-85 Ma translation. By thẽ 30 Ma inception of rollback, up to 150 km of convergence had formed a small slab below the Baleares. Iberia was disconnected from Sardinia/Calabria through the North Balearic Transform Zone (NBTZ). Subduction below Sardinia/Calabria was slightly faster than below the Baleares, the difference being accommodated in the Pyrenees. A moving triple junction at the trench-NBTZ intersection formed a subduction transform edge propagator fault between the Baleares and Calabria slab segments. Calabria rolled back eastward, whereas the Baleares slab underwent radial (SW-S-SE) rollback. After Kabylides-Africa collision, the western slab segment retreated toward Gibraltar, here reconstructed as the maximum rollback end-member model, and a Kabylides slab detached from Africa. Opening of a slab window below the NBTZ allowed asthenospheric rise to the base of the fore arc creating high-temperature metamorphism. Western Mediterranean rollback commenced only after sufficient slab-pull was created from 100 to 150 km of slow, forced subduction before~30 Ma.

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Formation and deformation of hyperextended rift systems: Insights from rift domain mapping in the Bay of Biscay-Pyrenees

et al. 2014

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The Bay of Biscay and the Pyrenees correspond to a Lower Cretaceous rift system including both oceanic and hyperextended rift domains. The transition from preserved oceanic and rift domains in the West to their complete inversion in the East enables us to study the progressive reactivation of a hyperextended rift system. We use seismic interpretation, gravity inversion, and field mapping to identify and map former rift domains and their subsequent reactivation. We propose a new map and sections across the system illustrating the progressive integration of the rift domains into the orogen. This study aims to provide insights on the formation of hyperextended rift systems and discuss their role during reactivation. Two spatially and temporally distinct rift systems can be distinguished: the Bay of Biscay-Parentis and the Pyrenean-Basque-Cantabrian rifts. While the offshore Bay of Biscay represent a former mature oceanic domain, the fossil remnants of hyperextended domains preserved onshore in the Pyrenean-Cantabrian orogen record distributed extensional deformation partitioned between strongly segmented rift basins. Reactivation initiated in the exhumed mantle domain before it affected the hyperthinned domain. Both domains accommodated most of the shortening. The final architecture of the orogen is acquired once the conjugate necking domains became involved in collisional processes. The complex 3-D architecture of the initial rift system may partly explain the heterogeneous reactivation of the overall system. These results have important implications for the formation and reactivation of hyperextended rift systems and for the restoration of the Bay of Biscay and Pyrenean domains.

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Motion of Iberia since the Late Jurassic: Results from detailed aeromagnetic measurements in the Newfoundland Basin

Cited by 286 publications

References 40 publications

Punctuated Neogene tectonics and stratigraphy of the African-Iberian plate-boundary zone: concurrent development of Betic-Rif basins (southern Spain, northern Morocco)

Punctuated Neogene tectonics and stratigraphy of the African-Iberian plate-boundary zone: concurrent development of Betic-Rif basins (southern Spain, northern Morocco)

Origin and consequences of western Mediterranean subduction, rollback, and slab segmentation

Formation and deformation of hyperextended rift systems: Insights from rift domain mapping in the Bay of Biscay-Pyrenees

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