Motility and Fertility Evaluation of Thawed Frozen Stallion Semen After 24 Hours of Cooled Storage

Influence of different concentrations of Silymarin and steps of freezing on frozen semen properties of Holstein Bulls born in Iraq

“…Semen is preserved in an extender containing Tris, glycerol, glucose, citric acid, water, egg yolk, and antibiotics at refrigerated temperatures for several days during liquid storage (Al-Bulushi et al, 2019) and at −196 °C for several months or even years during cryopreservation (Gangwar et al, 2018 ;Prell et al, 2020). Typically, seminal plasma contains both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants; however, their protective actions against oxidative stress are significantly weakened following semen dilution in the extender prior to storage (Peris-Frau et al, 2020).…”

Slow cooling is beneficial for storage of frozen‐thawed equine spermatozoa

“…Artificial insemination with frozen semen has numerous advantages and has become an inseparable part of the equine breeding management, especially in sport horses. The major advantage of frozen-thawed semen is that there are no limitations on storage and transport time [1][2][3][4]. However, the use of frozen semen requires intensive mare management and specialized equipment for handling frozen semen [2,5,6].…”

“…The major advantage of frozen-thawed semen is that there are no limitations on storage and transport time [1][2][3][4]. However, the use of frozen semen requires intensive mare management and specialized equipment for handling frozen semen [2,5,6]. In addition, the transport of liquid nitrogen containers is inherently dangerous and is subject to strict safety regulations [4].…”

“…Being able to thaw the semen under ideal circumstances at a storage site, store and transport the semen in a standard cooled-transport container and inseminate the mare using simple, routine insemination procedures would be of benefit to veterinarians and mare owners and could expand the use of frozen-thawed semen to a broader population. In recent years, several groups have examined the semen quality and potential fertility of frozenthawed semen that is cooled stored after thawing [2,6,8]. Lühr et al (2018) reported similar motility, viability, and pregnancy rates in frozen-thawed semen from 10 stallions immediately after thawing and after 24 hours of cooled storage at 5°C [6].…”

“…However, these authors reported large individual variations between stallions. Prell et al (2020) reported sperm motility of more than 30% and a fertility of 56.3% after 24 hours of cooled storage of frozen-thawed semen [2]. In 2020, we completed a preliminary study to test the effect of time and storage protocol on frozenthawed semen from 20 different stallions (unpublished data).…”