MOSAiC drift expedition from October 2019 to July 2020: sea ice conditions from space and comparison with previous years

Krumpen, Thomas; Albedyll, Luisa von; Goessling, Helge; Hendricks, Stefan; Juhls, Bennet; Spreen, Gunnar; Willmes, Sascha; Belter, Hans Jakob; Dethloff, Klaus; Haas, Christian; Kaleschke, Lars; Katlein, Christian; Tian-Kunze, Xiangshan; Ricker, Robert; Rostosky, Philip; Rückert, Janna; Singha, Suman; Sokolova, Julia

doi:10.5194/tc-15-3897-2021

Cited by 60 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The measurement program was part of the Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition ( https://mosaic-expedition.org ), which took place in the Arctic from October 2019 to October 2020 and was divided into five legs 1 . RV Polarstern 2 was drifting attached to an ice floe along the transpolar drift from about 85 N north of the Laptev Sea towards Fram Strait between Svalbard and Greenland 1 , 3 . To study the Arctic climate, a research camp, called Central Observatory (CO), was installed on a second-year ice floe that survived the summer and originated from the Laptev Sea 4 .…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition

et al. 2022

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The sea ice surface temperature is important to understand the Arctic winter heat budget. We conducted 35 helicopter flights with an infrared camera in winter 2019/2020 during the Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. The flights were performed from a local, 5 to 10 km scale up to a regional, 20 to 40 km scale. The infrared camera recorded thermal infrared brightness temperatures, which we converted to surface temperatures. More than 150000 images from all flights can be investigated individually. As an advanced data product, we created surface temperature maps for every flight with a 1 m resolution. We corrected image gradients, applied an ice drift correction, georeferenced all pixels, and corrected the surface temperature by its natural temporal drift, which results in time-fixed surface temperature maps for a consistent analysis of one flight. The temporal and spatial variability of sea ice characteristics is an important contribution to an increased understanding of the Arctic heat budget and, in particular, for the validation of satellite products.

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Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition

et al. 2022

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“…Changes in sea ice drift, thickness and concentration are associated with changes in sea ice deformation. The deformation rate of pack ice is a key parameter determining the formation of sea ice linear kinematic features like leads (e.g., Kwok, 2001;Wang et al, 2016b;Bouchat and Tremblay, 2017;Mohammadi-Aragh et al, 2018Hutter et al, 2019;Hutter and Losch, 2020;Rampal et al, 2019). The model resolution we used cannot realistically represent these features due to their narrowness in reality.…”

Section: Impact On Sea Ice Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasting impact of winds on Arctic sea ice through the ocean's memory

Wang

Danilov

et al. 2021

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. In this paper we studied the impact of winds on Arctic sea ice through the ocean's memory by using numerical simulations. We found that the changes in halosteric height induced by wind perturbations can significantly affect the Arctic sea ice drift, thickness, concentration and deformation rates regionally even years after the wind perturbations. Changes in the Arctic liquid freshwater content and thus in halosteric height can cause changes in the sea surface height and surface geostrophic currents, which further enforce a lasting and strong impact on sea ice. The changes in both sea surface height gradient force (due to changes in sea surface height) and ice–ocean stress (due to changes in surface geostrophic currents) are found to be important in determining the overall ocean effects. The revealed ocean effects are mainly associated with changes in sea ice dynamics, not thermodynamics. Depending on the preceding atmospheric mode driving the ocean, the ocean's memory of the wind forcing can lead to changes in Arctic sea ice characteristics with very different spatial patterns. We obtained these spatial patterns associated with Arctic Oscillation, Arctic Dipole Anomaly and Beaufort High modes through dedicated numerical simulations. The dynamical impact of the ocean has strong seasonal variations, stronger in summer and weaker in winter and spring. This implies that declining trends of Arctic sea ice will very possibly allow a stronger ocean impact on the sea ice in a warming climate.

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“…Then, it increased from March 2020 and this seemed partly related to the complex ice deformation caused by external forcing. It was reported that stormy conditions at the MO-SAiC floe were encountered in mid-November, late February, mid-April, and late May [30]. Figure 9 shows the monthly distribution of speed bias to investigate seasonal dependencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, it increased from March 2020 and this seemed partly related to the complex ice deformation caused by external forcing. It was reported that stormy conditions at the MOSAiC floe were encountered in mid-November, late February, mid-April, and late May [30]. The use of a cross-sensor resulted in a good performance; however, a higher MCC threshold was required to achieve a similar level to the single-sensor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility Study on Estimation of Sea Ice Drift from KOMPSAT-5 and COSMO-SkyMed SAR Images

Park

Kim

Korosov³

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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Estimating the sea ice drift field is of importance in both scientific study and activities in the polar ocean. Ice motion is being tracked at large scale (10 km and larger) on a daily basis; however, a higher resolution product is desirable for more reliable monitoring of rapid changes in sea ice. The use of wide-swath SAR has been extensively studied; yet, recent high-resolution X-band SAR sensors have not been tested enough. We examine the feasibility of KOMPSAT-5 and COSMO-SkyMed for retrieving sea ice motion by using the dataset of the MOSAiC expedition. The ice drift match-ups extracted from consecutive SAR image pairs and buoys for more than seven months in the central Arctic were used for a performance evaluation and validation. In addition to individual tests for KOMPSAT-5 and COSMO-SkyMed, a cross-sensor combination of two sensors was tested to overcome the drawback, a relatively long revisit time of high-resolution SAR. The experimental results show that higher accuracies are achievable from both single- and cross-sensor configurations of high-resolution X-band SARs compared to wide-swath C-band SARs, and that sub-daily monitoring is feasible from the cross-sensor approach.

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MOSAiC drift expedition from October 2019 to July 2020: sea ice conditions from space and comparison with previous years

Cited by 60 publications

References 49 publications

Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition

Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition

Lasting impact of winds on Arctic sea ice through the ocean's memory

Feasibility Study on Estimation of Sea Ice Drift from KOMPSAT-5 and COSMO-SkyMed SAR Images

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