Mortality in the elderly? A 3-year follow-up of an elderly community sample

13 Year Follow Up of Morbidity, Mortality and Use of Health Services Among Elderly Depressed Patients and General Elderly Populations

“…The risk of death (hazard rate) was significantly higher for the Depr cohort Municipality both versus the Controls Municipality and versus the Non-frails Municipality (Table 1). This is in agreement with studies of severe depression [14,17,19–21] and some studies of depressive symptom cases and mild to moderate depression [16–18] but in disagreement with others [14,15].…”

Associations of Hearing Loss and Dual Sensory Loss With Mortality

“…The study selection process is summarized in Figure 1. We included 26 articles from 3220 nonduplicated records after initial selection based on title and abstract and subsequent selection based on full-text articles …”

“…Of the 26 included studies (Table), all were observational, with 13 retrospective cohorts, 12 prospective cohorts, and 1 retrospective matched cohort . When assessed using the NOS, 3 studies, 12 studies, and 11 studies had a high, moderate, and low risk of bias, respectively.…”

“…Fifteen of the included studies (Table) assessed hearing via self-report using standardized questionnaires. In 10 studies, HL was measured objectively via audiometry, of which 6 studies defined HL as pure-tone average of hearing thresholds exceeding 25 dB for 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz . Fisher et al and Reuben et al defined HL as pure-tone average of hearing thresholds exceeding 35 dB and 40 dB, respectively, for 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz.…”

“…Three of 21 studies adjusted for hearing aid use . Three other studies excluded from meta-analysis based on incompatible statistical measures all reported a significantly higher incidence rate or odds of all-cause mortality in participants with hearing impairment …”