Morphological and Physiological Traits Related to the Response and Adaption of Bolboschoenus planiculmis Seedlings Grown Under Salt-Alkaline Stress Conditions

An, Yu; Yang, Gao; Shouzheng, Tong; Liu, Bo

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.567782

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…When the plants under saline-alkali stress, the root first perceives the stress signaling and gradually transmits it to the aboveground part, which ultimately affects plant growth ( An et al, 2021 ). Salinity and alkaline stress led to the preferential decomposition of chlorophyll and chloroplast, resulting in leaf yellowing, premature senescence, and decreased photosynthesis ( Zhu et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Alkaline Stress by Removing Reactive Oxygen Species and Promoting Antioxidant Defence in Rice Seedlings

Lu¹,

Min²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Saline-alkali stress seriously restricts rice growth, development, and production in northern China. The damage of alkaline stress on rice is much greater than that of salt due to ion toxicity, osmotic stress, and especially high pH. As a signal molecule, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MT) mediates many physiological processes in rice and participates in protecting rice from abiotic stress. The potential mechanism of exogenous melatonin-mediated alkaline stress tolerance is still largely unknown. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the morphological change, physiological property, and corresponding genes expression in rice seedlings were analyzed under alkaline stress (20 mmol L−1, pH 9.55). The results showed that the expression levels of MT synthesis genes (TDC2, T5H, SNAT, ASMT1, and ASMT2) were induced by both exogenous MT and alkaline stress treatment. The cell membrane was protected by MT, and the MT furtherly play role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The scavenging of ROS by melatonin is attributed to the coupling of the improvement of redox homeostasis and the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content by upregulating the transcriptional levels of antioxidase genes. In the meantime, MT pretreatment promoted the accumulation of free proline, sucrose, and fructose by regulating the OsP5CS, OsSUS7, and OsSPS1 gene expression level and increased chlorophyll content upregulating the expression of chlorophyll synthesis-related genes. Ultimately, the alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin on alkaline stress was reflected in increasing the leaf relative water content (RWC) and root-shoot ratio and reducing the leaf tip wilt index (TWI) through a series of physiological and biochemical changes. Melatonin pretreatment changed the expression level of MT synthesis genes which might contribute to MT synthesis in rice, consequently, activated the ROS scavenging system and alleviating the damage of alkaline stress on rice seedlings. Our study comprehensively understands the alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin on rice under alkaline stress.

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“…Because plant salt tolerance varies among growth stages, it is difficult to accurately assess using a single index (An et al, 2021). To the best of our knowledge, herbage salt tolerance is currently evaluated primarily on the basis of the biomass, K + and Na + contents, and the relative water content during the germination or seedling stage (Johnson, 1991;Sagers et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Salt-Tolerant Thinopyrum ponticum Under Two Coastal Region Salinity Stress Levels

et al. 2022

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To accelerate the exploitation and use of marginal soils and develop salt-tolerant forage germplasm suitable for the coastal regions of China, seven lines of decaploid tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth and D. R. Dewey, 2n = 10x = 70] were transplanted under low (.3%) and high (.5%) salt conditions for a comprehensive analysis at the adult-plant stage. Differences were observed among these materials, especially in terms of grass yield, agronomic characteristics, and physiological and biochemical indices. Line C2 grew best with the highest shoot total fresh and dry weights under all conditions except for the milk-ripe stage in Dongying in 2019. The total membership value of C2 also reflected its excellent performance after transplanting. As superior germplasm, its relatively high antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll a/b ratio suggested C2 may maintain normal metabolic and physiological functions under saline conditions. Furthermore, decaploid tall wheatgrass as a forage grass species has a high nutritive value beneficial for animal husbandry. Accordingly, line C2 may be used as excellent germplasm to develop salt-tolerant cultivars in the Circum-Bohai sea.

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“…When plants are exposed to saline-alkali stress, the roots are the first to perceive the stress information, which is gradually transmitted to the aboveground parts. The root surface area and the root tip number, as well as the leaf area and photosynthetic rate, mainly account for the response of the plant seedling biomass to salt-alkaline stress (An et al, 2021). After long-term exposure to saline-alkali stress, plants can alter their morphology to better adapt to the environment.…”

Section: Morphological Adaptations To Salt-alkali Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Mechanisms of Plants Under Saline-Alkali Stress

Fang¹,

Hou

Liang³

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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As two coexisting abiotic stresses, salt stress and alkali stress have severely restricted the development of global agriculture. Clarifying the plant resistance mechanism and determining how to improve plant tolerance to salt stress and alkali stress have been popular research topics. At present, most related studies have focused mainly on salt stress, and salt-alkali mixed stress studies are relatively scarce. However, in nature, high concentrations of salt and high pH often occur simultaneously, and their synergistic effects can be more harmful to plant growth and development than the effects of either stress alone. Therefore, it is of great practical importance for the sustainable development of agriculture to study plant resistance mechanisms under saline-alkali mixed stress, screen new saline-alkali stress tolerance genes, and explore new plant salt-alkali tolerance strategies. Herein, we summarized how plants actively respond to saline-alkali stress through morphological adaptation, physiological adaptation and molecular regulation.

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“…Soil degradation is accelerated by salinization and sodification, which have substantial harmful impacts on crop output [ 5 ]. The deterioration of soil structure and permeability, which impede water passage to the root zone and disrupt seedling emergence, delaying plant development in sodic-alkaline soils, has a particular impact on agricultural production [ 6 , 7 ]. These soils contain significant levels of alkaline salts (NaHCO 3 and Na 2 CO 3 ), which elevate the pH of the soil solution through alkaline hydrolysis [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha Lipoic Acid as a Protective Mediator for Regulating the Defensive Responses of Wheat Plants against Sodic Alkaline Stress: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Aspects

Ramadan

AlHarbi

Alenzi

et al. 2022

Plants

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Recently, exogenous α-Lipoic acid (ALA) has been suggested to improve the tolerance of plants to a wide array of abiotic stresses. However, there is currently no definitive data on the role of ALA in wheat plants exposed to sodic alkaline stress. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of foliar application by ALA at 0 (distilled water as control) and 20 µM on wheat seedlings grown under sodic alkaline stress (50 mM 1:1 NaHCO3 & Na2CO3; pH 9.7. Under sodic alkaline stress, exogenous ALA significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved growth (shoot fresh and dry weight), chlorophyll (Chl) a, b and Chl a + b, while Chl a/b ratio was not affected. Moreover, leaf relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugars, carotenoids, total soluble phenols, ascorbic acid, K and Ca were significantly increased in the ALA-treated plants compared to the ALA-untreated plants. This improvement was concomitant with reducing the rate of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and H2O2. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) demonstrated greater activity in the ALA-treated plants compared to the non-treated ones. Conversely, proline, catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), Na and Na/K ratio were significantly decreased in the ALA-treated plants. Under sodic alkaline stress, the relative expression of photosystem II (D2 protein; PsbD) was significantly up-regulated in the ALA treatment (67% increase over the ALA-untreated plants); while Δ pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter protein of salt overly sensitive gene (SOS1) and tonoplast-localized Na+/H+ antiporter protein (NHX1) were down-regulated by 21, 37 and 53%, respectively, lower than the ALA-untreated plants. These results reveal that ALA may be involved in several possible mechanisms of alkalinity tolerance in wheat plants.

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“…2020; An et al . 2021) and animal species (Huang et al . 2020; Tong and Li 2020) and it has destructive impacts on agriculture and the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic bacteria in white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) and channel catfish ( Letalurus punetaus ) aquaculture ponds in a salt‐alkaline region

Zhao

Guan

et al. 2021

Letters Applied Microbiology

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Aquaculture in salt‐alkaline regions is encouraged in China, and culture of many aquatic species has been introduced into these areas. In this study, we cultured two species, white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and channel catfish (Letalurus punetaus) separately in aquaculture ponds in a salt‐alkaline region in northwest China and assessed the impacts of the aquaculture operations on the planktonic bacterial community in the culture ponds. Culture of both species decreased the planktonic bacterial diversity and altered the bacterial community structure in the aquaculture ponds compared with the source water. Among the 10 dominant bacterial phyla, 8 were significantly correlated with environmental parameters; the exception was Actinobacteriota, the most dominant phylum, and Firmicutes. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota abundances showed significant positive correlations with alkalinity, whereas Patescibacteria, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetota, and Verrucomicrobiota abundance were positively correlated with salinity. Linear regression analysis showed that alkalinity was positively correlated with bacterial beta diversity and salinity was negatively correlated with that. In addition, white shrimp aquaculture significantly lowered the alkalinity, which suggests that culture of this species in inland salt‐alkaline regions is a potential dealkalization solution.

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Morphological and Physiological Traits Related to the Response and Adaption of Bolboschoenus planiculmis Seedlings Grown Under Salt-Alkaline Stress Conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Alkaline Stress by Removing Reactive Oxygen Species and Promoting Antioxidant Defence in Rice Seedlings

Screening of Salt-Tolerant Thinopyrum ponticum Under Two Coastal Region Salinity Stress Levels

Response Mechanisms of Plants Under Saline-Alkali Stress

Alpha Lipoic Acid as a Protective Mediator for Regulating the Defensive Responses of Wheat Plants against Sodic Alkaline Stress: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Aspects

Planktonic bacteria in white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) and channel catfish ( Letalurus punetaus ) aquaculture ponds in a salt‐alkaline region

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