Morningness–eveningness, use of stimulants, and minor psychiatric disorders among undergraduate students

Abstract

Morningness-eveningness dimension in humans have been indicated to influence social behavior and individual health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the morningness-eveningness dimension with behavioral and health aspects in a sample of undergraduate students. We assessed demographic data; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality; the Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness, and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire to assess minor psychiatric disorders. A total of 372 students (66.7% females), on average 21.6 years old, participated in this study. Among them, 92.2% did not smoke, 58.9% engaged in physical activities, and 19.7% were night-shift workers. In regard to morningness-eveningness, 55.9% of the participants were intermediate between evening (39.5%) and morning (4.6%) types. Poor sleep quality (OR = 1.89), minor psychiatric disorders (OR = 1.92), and tobacco consumption (OR = 3.65) predominated among evening types. Evening types were predominantly males (OR = 1.72). This study suggests that evening types are more vulnerable to sleep and psychiatric disturbances, and tend to smoke more than morning types.

Circadian Typology: A Comprehensive Review

“…indicates that a phase delay may be a part or consequence of the diagnosis of mental disorders (such as depression, anxiety and eating disorders) or may be an associated risk factor linked by sexual development (Schneider et al, 2011;Schubert & Randler, 2008). Therefore, the next step to clarify the causality relation is to develop transcultural studies with a homogenous methodology in longitudinal studies.…”

College Students’ Prevalence of Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practices

“…People with morning preferences prefer to go to bed earlier in the evening and wake up earlier in the morning, while people with evening preferences prefer to go to bed later in the evening and wake up later in the day (Schneider et al, 2011). Such preferences are also known as circadian phase preferences, which are often associated with daily peak times of alertness, performance, and body temperature (Taylor, Clay, Bramoweth, Sethi, & Roane, 2011).…”

“…Generally, people who have morning preferences are likely to be more alert and have better performance earlier in the day, while people with evening preferences are more alert and productive later in the evening (Schneider et al, 2011). Students' morningness-eveningness preferences may also provide explanations for poor sleep quality (Schneider et al, 2011).…”

“…Such preferences are also known as circadian phase preferences, which are often associated with daily peak times of alertness, performance, and body temperature (Taylor, Clay, Bramoweth, Sethi, & Roane, 2011). Morningnesseveningness preferences may also provide explanations for poor sleep quality (Schneider et al, 2011). People with morning preferences prefer to go to bed earlier in the evening and wake up earlier in the morning, while people with evening preferences prefer to go to bed later in the evening and wake up later in the day (Schneider et al, 2011).…”

“…Morningnesseveningness preferences may also provide explanations for poor sleep quality (Schneider et al, 2011). People with morning preferences prefer to go to bed earlier in the evening and wake up earlier in the morning, while people with evening preferences prefer to go to bed later in the evening and wake up later in the day (Schneider et al, 2011).…”