More of a (wo)man offline? Gender roles measured in online and offline environments

March, Evita; Grieve, Rachel; Marx, Eric; Witteveen, Kate

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.018

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For the current study, internal consistency measures of the BSRI short‐form masculinity and femininity scales remained high (Cronbach's alpha = .86 and .96, respectively). These indices are similar to those of previous research (e.g., March, Grieve, Marx, & Witteveen, ). To categorise an individual's dominant gender role, a median split was created for both the masculinity and femininity scales.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Social‐economic theory and short‐term mate preferences: The effects of gender roles and socioeconomic status

March

Grieve

2016

Australian Journal of Psychology

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Objective: : Men's and women's mate preferences in long-term relationships have been extensively considered in research. However, men's and women's short-term mate preferences have not received nearly as much attention. In particular, theoretical origins of men's and women's short-term mate preferences have received limited consideration in comparison to long-term relationships. Specifically, although evolutionary origins of short-term mate preferences have been discussed, elements of social-economic theory (i.e., socioeconomic status (SES) and gender roles) have not yet been explored. The current study sought to address the gap in the literature concerning short-term mate preferences and social-economic theory. Method: : Seven hundred eighty-one participants were recruited to complete a questionnaire that included the mate budget paradigm. Results: : For men, results showed significant independent effects of SES and gender roles on a short-term mate's physical attractiveness scores, but no significant interaction. Results also showed no significant main effect of SES and gender roles on short-term mate's social level scores, although there was a significant interaction between a masculine gender role and medium and high SES. For women, there were no independent or interactive effects of SES and gender roles on physical attractiveness and social level scores. Discussion: : Results were interpreted in relation to both evolutionary and social-economic theories, specifically discussing strategic pluralism and sexual strategies theories. Results of the study highlight the need for increased awareness of independent and interactional effects of social-economic theory elements on men's and women's short-term mate preferences, and further exploration of relationships outside the dichotomy of long and short term. Author biography: Since 2010, Evita has taught a broad range of psychological topics, with a particular focus on social psychology, educational psychology, and psychological assessment. Evita's areas of research include gender roles, mate preferences, and sexuality, and she has recently submitted her PhD on origin theories of mate preferences. Rachel completed her undergraduate and honours degrees in psychology at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT), for which she was awarded the university medal for academic excellence in 2008. In 2011, she was awarded her PhD from QUT.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Social‐economic theory and short‐term mate preferences: The effects of gender roles and socioeconomic status

March

Grieve

2016

Australian Journal of Psychology

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“…However, contrary to our Hypothesis 2, the frequency of viewing others' profiles seems not related to gender. This may be due to the specific features of online communication and to the way gender roles emerge online (see March, Grieve, Marx, & Witteveen, 2013). Indeed, although literature describes women as more relationship oriented and more interested in maintaining social links (Eagly, 2005;Rollero, 2016), relationships in SNS have different characteristics than those offline (Cummings, Butler, & Kraut, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do men post and women view? The role of gender, personality and emotions in online social activity

Rollero¹,

Daniele²,

Tartaglia³

2019

Cyberpsychology

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According to Nadkarni and Hofmann’s model (2012), a major motivator of social networking sites (SNS) use is the need to belong, i.e., the basic drive to form and maintain relationships. This need can be fulfilled through two kinds of belongingness-related behaviours: information-seeking (using SNS to learn about others) and communication (using SNS to communicate with others). The present study aimed at examining the role of gender, personality traits and emotional competence on each of these two belongingness-related behaviours. A total of 995 self-selected Italian Internet users (67.1% women; age range: 18-56) participated in the study. Results showed that the two online behaviours are influenced by different variables. Among them, the most relevant appear to be emotional competences, as managing emotions reduces both behaviours, using emotions fosters communication, and understanding emotions decreases information-seeking. Extraversion plays a key role as well, promoting both behaviours in women and information-seeking in men, whereas openness to experiences is positively linked to viewing others’ profiles. Finally, men use social networking sites to communicate and express their opinions more often than women. Implications are discussed.

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“…Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) [45]. The BSRI is one of the most commonly used instruments worldwide to assess the self-attribution of the personality traits deemed typical of each gender [6,46]. It comprises 60 items—adjectives or short sentences; from these, 20 refer to features so far regarded as masculine, which makes up the masculinity scale; another 20 relate to characteristics traditionally associated with femininity, thus forming the femininity scale; while the other 20 items constitute characteristics that can be attributed to both genders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, mental health reveals consistent differences between females and males [3,4]. Usually, it is found that women have, more frequently than men, internalizing disorders, such as depression [3,4,5] and psychological distress [6,7,8], while men have, more frequently than women, externalizing disorders, with higher antisocial and substance use disorders [3,4]. Also, worldwide, men’s suicide rates are higher than those of women [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and Psychological Well-Being

Matud

López-Curbelo

Fortes

2019

IJERPH

160

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Background: Research has consistently reported gender differences in mental health, but studies on differences in psychological well-being between women and men have not yielded conclusive results. The aim of this study was to examine the relevance of gender to the psychological well-being of adult individuals. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 1700 men and 1700 women from the general Spanish population was conducted. Their ages ranged from 21 to 64 years, and they were assessed with Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales and the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Results: Men scored higher than women in self-acceptance and autonomy, and women scored higher than men in personal growth and positive relations with others. The most relevant variable in the psychological well-being of both women and men was high masculinity. Other relevant variables in women’s well-being were high femininity, not having a manual occupation, not being homemakers, and professional occupation. Men´s well-being also was higher in professional men and in men with a skilled non-manual occupation, men with high femininity and men who were not single, divorced or widowed. Conclusions: Adherence to traditional gender roles is relevant to the psychological well-being of women and men, and women and men whose self-concept includes both masculine-instrumental and feminine-expressive characteristics have greater well-being.

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More of a (wo)man offline? Gender roles measured in online and offline environments

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Social‐economic theory and short‐term mate preferences: The effects of gender roles and socioeconomic status

Social‐economic theory and short‐term mate preferences: The effects of gender roles and socioeconomic status

Do men post and women view? The role of gender, personality and emotions in online social activity

Gender and Psychological Well-Being

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