Monitoring Rice Phenology Based on Backscattering Characteristics of Multi-Temporal RADARSAT-2 Datasets

He, Ze; Li, Shihua; Yong, Wang; Dai, Li; Lin, Shuai

doi:10.3390/rs10020340

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Water in the agricultural field was also drained out causing a soil moisture reduction in August 2017. Moreover, we can see the maximal values of σ • VV and σ • VH appearing at the maturity stage after the maximum of greenness index are consistent with the study of He et al [90]. Previous studies showed that σ • VH correlated with the rice development stage [5,41,45].…”

Section: Data Analysis and Accuracy Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Monitoring and Mapping of Rice Cropping Pattern in Flooding Area in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Sentinel-1A Data: A Case of An Giang Province

Minh

Avtar

Mohan

et al. 2019

IJGI

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Cropping intensity is one of the most important decisions made independently by farmers in Vietnam. It is a crucial variable of various economic and process-based models. Rice is grown under irrigated triple- and double-rice cropping systems and a rainfed single-rice cropping system in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). These rice cropping systems are adopted according to the geographical location and water infrastructure. However, little work has been done to map triple-cropping of rice using Sentinel-1 along with the effects of water infrastructure on the rice cropping intensity decision. This study is focused on monitoring rice cropping patterns in the An Giang province of the VMD from March 2017 to March 2018. The fieldwork was carried out on the dates close to the Sentinel-1A acquisition. The results of dual-polarized (VV and VH) Sentinel-1A data show a strong correlation with the spatial patterns of various rice growth stages and their association with the water infrastructure. The VH backscatter (σ°) is strongly correlated with the three rice growth stages, especially the reproductive stage when the backscatter is less affected by soil moisture and water in the rice fields. In all three cropping patterns, σ°VV and σ°VH show the highest value in the maturity stage, often appearing 10 to 12 days before the harvesting of the rice. A rice cropping pattern map was generated using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification of Sentinel-1A data. The overall accuracy of the classification was 80.7% with a 0.78 Kappa coefficient. Therefore, Sentinel-1A can be used to understand rice phenological changes as well as rice cropping systems using radar backscattering.

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Section: Data Analysis and Accuracy Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Monitoring and Mapping of Rice Cropping Pattern in Flooding Area in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Sentinel-1A Data: A Case of An Giang Province

Minh

Avtar

Mohan

et al. 2019

IJGI

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“…Moreover, the amount of cross-pol components has increased during this period. A similar type of increase in cross-pol components from transplantation to maturity stages was reported by He et al (2018). The shift towards the Z2 and Z5 zones indicates an even-bounce scattering mechanism of the scattered EM wave.…”

Section: Temporal Variation Of θ Fp and θ Cp For Fp And Cp Datasupporting

confidence: 80%

Novel Clustering Schemes for Full and Compact Polarimetric SAR Data: A Case Study for Rice Phenology Characterization

Dey¹,

Bhattacharya²,

Ratha³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Information on rice phenological stages from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)images is of prime interest for in-season monitoring. Often, prior in-situ measurements of phenology are not available. In such situations, unsupervised clustering of SAR images might help in discriminating phenological stages of a crop throughout its growing period. Among the existing unsupervised clustering techniques using full-polarimetric (FP) SAR images, the eigenvalue-eigenvector based roll-invariant scattering-type parameter, and the scattering entropy parameter are widely used in the literature. In this study, we utilize a unique target scattering-type parameter, which jointly uses the Barakat degree of polarization and the elements of the polarimetric coherency matrix. In particular, the degree of polarization attributes to scattering randomness from a target. The scattering randomness in crops increases with advancements in its growth stages due to the development of branches and foliage. Hence, the degree of polarization varies with changes in the crop growth stages. Besides, the elements of the coherency matrices are directly related to the crop geometry as well as soil and crop water content. There-fore, this complementarity information captures the scattering randomness at each crop growth stage while taking into account diverse crop morphological characteristics. Likewise, we also utilize an equivalent parameter proposed for compact-polarimetric (CP) SAR data. These scattering-type parameters are analogous to the Cloude-Pottier’s parameter for FP SAR data and the ellipticity parameter for CP SAR data. Besides this, we also introduce new clustering schemes for both FP and CP SAR data for segmenting diverse scattering mechanisms across the phenological stages of rice. In this study, we use the RADARSAT-2 FP and simulated CP SAR data acquired over the Indian test site of Vijayawada under the Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM) initiative. The temporal analysis of the scattering-type parameters and the new clustering schemes help us to investigate detailed scattering characteristics from rice across its phenological stages.<div>(Submitted to ISPRS journal)</div>

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“…Considering the X-band (8-12 GHz) radar, several types of research used the sensors: TerraSAR-X [31][32][33][34] and COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO)-SkyMed [33,[35][36][37][38]. Among the C-Band radar sensors (4-8 GHz) used to map the rice crops were: European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) [12,[39][40][41], Radarsat [42][43][44][45][46][47], and Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) [48][49][50][51][52]. Finally, studies on rice mapping with L-band radar sensors (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) used the ALOS Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) [53][54][55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Crop Detection Using LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and Machine Learning Models from Sentinel-1 Time Series

et al. 2020

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The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) time series allows describing the rice phenological cycle by the backscattering time signature. Therefore, the advent of the Copernicus Sentinel-1 program expands studies of radar data (C-band) for rice monitoring at regional scales, due to the high temporal resolution and free data distribution. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model has reached state-of-the-art in the pattern recognition of time-sequenced data, obtaining a significant advantage at crop classification on the remote sensing images. One of the most used approaches in the RNN model is the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model and its improvements, such as Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM). Bi-LSTM models are more effective as their output depends on the previous and the next segment, in contrast to the unidirectional LSTM models. The present research aims to map rice crops from Sentinel-1 time series (band C) using LSTM and Bi-LSTM models in West Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). We compared the results with traditional Machine Learning techniques: Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), and Normal Bayes (NB). The developed methodology can be subdivided into the following steps: (a) acquisition of the Sentinel time series over two years; (b) data pre-processing and minimizing noise from 3D spatial-temporal filters and smoothing with Savitzky-Golay filter; (c) time series classification procedures; (d) accuracy analysis and comparison among the methods. The results show high overall accuracy and Kappa (>97% for all methods and metrics). Bi-LSTM was the best model, presenting statistical differences in the McNemar test with a significance of 0.05. However, LSTM and Traditional Machine Learning models also achieved high accuracy values. The study establishes an adequate methodology for mapping the rice crops in West Rio Grande do Sul.

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Monitoring Rice Phenology Based on Backscattering Characteristics of Multi-Temporal RADARSAT-2 Datasets

Cited by 52 publications

References 43 publications

Monitoring and Mapping of Rice Cropping Pattern in Flooding Area in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Sentinel-1A Data: A Case of An Giang Province

Monitoring and Mapping of Rice Cropping Pattern in Flooding Area in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Sentinel-1A Data: A Case of An Giang Province

Novel Clustering Schemes for Full and Compact Polarimetric SAR Data: A Case Study for Rice Phenology Characterization

Rice Crop Detection Using LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and Machine Learning Models from Sentinel-1 Time Series

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