Monitoring of epidemiological factors in the system of safety and quality management for the products of slaughter of cattle

Abstract

Food security is one of the priorities of the state. The livestock sector is an important source of food resources. The purpose of our research was to monitor the elements of the safety and quality of the management system for the slaughter of cattle for the effects of the epidemiological (veterinary) factors. The material of our research was the reporting on veterinary medicine in the Tulchynsky District of Vinnytsya Oblast between the years 2013–2017, which we statistically processes. The analysis revealed over the last five years, outbreaks of rabies, leukemia of the cattle and pasteurellosis have been recorded in the area, and the number of leukemia foci of bovine animals decreases year by year, and pasteurelosis is gaining more and more epizootic significance. It was based on the reports provided prophylactic antiepizootic measures are constantly being carried out in the region. Thus, during the years 2013–2017, clinical, laboratory and serological studies of the cattle population were conducted in the district the stock was vaccinated, treatment and preventive treatments and veterinary and sanitary works were carried out. Analysis of the data on the volume of these measures demonstrate in most of cases they are carried out only in the agricultural enterprises, not covering the number of individual farmsteads of the inhabitants of the district. In private farms, mostly, only compulsory measures are funded from state budget. Such as tuberculinisation, serological studies for leukemia and brucellosis, vaccination against anthrax. After analyzing the number of the slaughtered cattles in the area, we found that 93.42% of the slaughter took place in the meat processing enterprises. During the research period, according to findings results of pre-slaughter clinical examination of animals, 185 were diagnosted, and during the post-mortem veterinary examination 8282 cases of diseases were detected. The study of the etiology of the revealed diseases, found all diseases revealed as a result of clinical examination before the slaughter were non-contagious, and from diseases revealed by the results of veterinary-sanitary examination after slaughter 83.17% were non-contagious, and the rest (16.83%) – invasive. Regarding the structure of detected invasive diseases, echinococcosis and fasciolysis were recorded. The correlation between the number of cases of detection during the post-mortem veterinary examination of invasive illnesses and the treatmentes-prophylactic treatments established a direct pattern between them: the number of treatment and prevention treatments for livestock from year to year increases, cases of detection of invasive diseases decrease. In general, the monitoring of epidemiological factors in the Tulchinsky district of the Vinnytsia region indicates that the system for managing the safety and quality products of slaughter of cattle is effective enough. But the facts that antiepizootic veterinary measures do not cover the entire livestock population of the district and the proportion of slaughter of cattle occurs in the yard, causing concern, and significantly reduce the effectiveness of the management system. Therefore, in our opinion, it can not be argued that the safety and quality control system for cattle slaughter products in the area fully guarantees the safety of the consumer.

Вплив Якості І Безпечності Харчових Продуктів На Здоров’я Та Добробут Населення

“…Беручи до уваги те, що останніми роками інтенсивність хімічного, радіаційного та інших видів антропогенного впливу на навколишнє середовище суттєво зросла, а це негативно позначається на здоров'ї людей, питання виробництва якісної і безпечної продукції набуває гострої актуальності [16,25,26,38,74]. Для нашої країни виготовлення природної екологічно чистої продукції є особливо актуальним у зв'язку з прагненням жителів України звести нанівець вплив на здоров'я, тривалість життя і працездатність шкідливих наслідків від аварії на Чорнобильській АЕС, негативного впливу речовин техногенного походження, відсутності якісного і повноцінного харчування у більшості населення [18,23,[27][28][29]46].…”

“…Під час проведення післязабійної ветеринарносанітарної експертизи незаразні хвороби становили 83,17 %, інвазійні -16,83 %, інфекційних захворювань виявлено не було. Враховуючи, що інвазійні хвороби можуть бути небезпечними для людини, автори дослідили їх структуру і встановили, що причинами був ехінококоз і фасціольоз, які спричиняють не лише економічні збитки від зачистки і вибраковки субпродуктів, але й призводять до зниження санітарної якості і безпечності та біологічної цінності продуктів забою [26].…”

Key indicators of beef safety and quality as important aspects of conservation

“…Healthy domestic animals and poultry are allowed for slaughter. Slaughter of sick animals or those suspected of having infectious diseases is allowed in cases provided for by the rules of pre-slaughter veterinary inspection of animals and veterinary-sanitary examination of meat and meat (Gorobei et al, 2018).…”