Momentum conservation in partially coherent wave fields

“…This is so because it is directly related to the electromagnetic (EM) energy flux and the electromagnetic linear momentum. In recent years, the role of EM linear momentum in total momentum balance has attracted the attention of many authors [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Furthermore, the EM energy flux carried by the Poynting vector has been the subject of many workers in the context of energy conservation in electromagnetic systems [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and Momentum Considerations in an Ideal Solenoid

Jaber¹

2010

JEMAA

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“…There has been significant progress in basic conservation relations in partially coherent wave fields recently [1][2][3][4] after first related studies [5][6][7]. The conservation laws of energy, momentum, and angular momentum of the wave fields were established and a few related examples were discussed in those studies.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…(26) in Ref. [1], which represents the momentum flow only from the polarization source, while the second term is only from the magnetization source. The last two terms are produced from the interference of the polarization and the magnetization sources.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reexamination of conservation of momentum and energy in partially coherent electromagnetic waves

Lee

Kim

2014

Phys. Rev. A

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We reviewed the conservation of momentum and energy in partially coherent electromagnetic wave fields in a unified perspective. We find that there is interference between the radiation from polarization and magnetization sources in the momentum flow unlike the result proposed in the previous study. The interference effect can be probed in an example by observing the angular distribution.There has been significant progress in basic conservation relations in partially coherent wave fields recently [1-4] after first related studies [5][6][7]. The conservation laws of energy, momentum, and angular momentum of the wave fields were established and a few related examples were discussed in those studies.The Maxwell stress tensor [8] has been useful in expressing energy, momentum, and angular momentum and also in dealing with spectral densities of the electromagnetic waves [9] in the studies. A careful review of the tensor corresponding to spectral densities of the electromagnetic waves in the far zone reveals clearer views for the energy, the momentum, and the angular momentum of the waves.There were a couple of discussions [2,3] on the waves when there are both electric and magnetic sources. It is interesting to see the interference effect in the radiated fields from the sources. In this Brief Report, we review the interference effect on the momentum of the partially coherent electromagnetic waves previously studied in Ref.[2]. We will follow the conventions used in Refs. [2,3] throughout this Brief Report.For the study of radiated electromagnetic fields, it is often convenient to use the Hertz vectors [10] from sources consisting of polarization and magnetization. For simplicity, we will consider (quasi-)homogeneous sources. The vectors are represented by the spatial integration of the products of source densities and three-dimensional Green's functions for the corresponding Helmholtz equations,where e and m stand for polarization and magnetization, respectively, and G(R) is the free-space Green's function for the Helmholtz equation,* minntenn@yonsei.ac.krFor further mathematical simplification, we introduce two differential operators as in [2],where ∂ i is the partial derivative with respect to the ith Cartesian coordinate, ∂/∂x i . Here and throughout the remainder of this Brief Report, we will use the Einstein summation convention. By use of the differential operators, we may write the electromagnetic fields in the following forms:In the far zone (the source size is negligible, r r ), we may write the position vector as r = ru, where u is the unit vector in the direction of observation. Thus the Green function, G(R), can be expressed asThe resulting Hertz vectors can be written as the products of the outgoing waves and the Fourier transforms of the source densities,whereP(ku,ω) andM(ku,ω) are the three-dimensional Fourier transforms of the source polarization and the source magnetization, respectively, P(ku,ω) ≡ 1 (2π ) 3 D P(r,ω)e −iku·r d 3 r,M(ku,ω) ≡ 1 (2π ) 3 D M(r,ω)e −iku·r d 3 r.After the applications of the...

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Momentum conservation in partially coherent wave fields

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Momentum of light scattered from collections of particles

Momentum of light scattered from collections of particles

Energy and Momentum Considerations in an Ideal Solenoid

Reexamination of conservation of momentum and energy in partially coherent electromagnetic waves

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