Molecular Subtype of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Broiler Flocks in Jordan

Abstract

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes respiratory disease in chickens all over the world. Infectious bronchitis virus has many serotypes that do not confer cross protection against each other. The current study was designed to know which IBV types were circulating in Jordanian broiler chickens. Tracheal swabs from 175 broiler flocks at the acute phase of respiratory disease were collected. The swabs were subjected to RNA extraction and tested by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Specific-nested PCR were performed on RT-PCR products to detect and differentiate strains of Massachusetts, 4/91, and D274 types. The nucleic acid of IBV was detected in 105 out 174 (60%) broiler flocks by RT-PCR. Specific-nested PCR revealed that 35.2, 31.4, and 8.6% of these flocks had Massachusetts, 4/91, and D274, respectively, alone. In 24.8% of tested flocks, 2 types of IBV were detected. However, because the primers used in this study were designed specifically for 3 types of IBV, other types might have been present but not detected. Future work should include the isolation and molecular characterization of IBV in the region to adopt a suitable vaccination program using the common field serotypes as vaccines to protect against IBV-caused disease.

Molecular detection of infectious bronchitis and avian metapneumoviruses in Oman backyard poultry

“…In this study, 793/B was the dominant IBV genotype infecting backyard flocks, with an overall prevalence of 66.67% in IBVpositive flocks. The presence of 793/B in commercial flocks has previously been reported in other Middle East countries such as Iran, Jordan and Israel (Meir et al, 2004b;Roussan et al, 2008;Seyfi Abad Shapouri et al, 2004). In the last few years, 793/B vaccines and strains closely-related to 793/B, have been detected in the Omani commercial chicken (K. Ganapathy, unpublished data, 2010).…”

“…It is a type 3 coronavirus and part of the family Coronaviridae (Cavanagh, 2001). Most IBVs infect the respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts causing considerable production losses (Dolz et al, 2008;Jones, 2010;Roussan et al, 2008;Villarreal et al, 2007;Worthington et al, 2008). IBV infections can also be further aggravated by the presence of bacterial infections such as Escherichia coli, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (Landman and Feberwee, 2004;Matthijs et al, 2003;Naqi et al, 2001;van Empel et al, 1996).…”

Phylogeny and S1 Gene Variation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Detected in Broilers and Layers in Turkey

“…However, different strains of IBV have been circulating in the Middle East. For example, IBV variants like Q1 (CK/CH/LDL97I/97) (1,11,14,17,20,26,27), IBV variant-1 (793/B, IS/222/96, IS/251/ 96, and IS/64714/96), IBV variant-2 (IS/223/96, IS/572/98, IS/ 585/98, and IS/589/98), Egypt/Beni-Seuf/01, Sul/01/09, D274, and IS/885/00 as well as vaccine strains derived from Massachusetts and 4/91, (8,18,19,24,25) have been detected.…”

Genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Iran: Detection of D274 and changing in the genotypes rate

“…Several reports have been confirmed D274 presence in Western Europe from 2002 to 2006 [19,29,30]. D274 was not detected in the Middle East countries before 2005, its first report from Jordan [31]. After that in a six-year investigation of the dynamics of IBV, D274 was detected in Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, regarding the sequencing data, 62.50% of them identified as field and not vaccine strain [17].…”