Molecular portrait of squamous cell carcinoma of the bovine horn evaluated by high-throughput targeted exome sequencing: a preliminary report

Abstract

Background Squamous Cell Carcinoma of horn, also known as horn cancer, is a prevailing type of cancer in cattles especially Bos indicus. It is one of the most prevalent disease in Indian bullocks often resulting in death and huge economic losses to farmers. Here, we have reported the use of targeted exome sequencing to identify variants present in horn cancer affected horn mucosa tissue and blood of the same animal to identify some of the prevalent markers of horn cancer. Results We have observed higher number of variants present in tissue as compared to blood as well as among cancer samples compared to samples from normal animals. Eighty six and 1437 cancer-specific variants were identified among the predicted variants in blood and tissue samples, respectively. Total 25 missense variants were observed distributed over 18 genes. KRT8 gene coding for Keratin8, one of the key constituents of horn, displayed 5 missense variants. Additionally, three other genes involved in apoptosis pathway and two genes involved in antigen presentation and processing also contained variants. Conclusions Several genes involved in various apoptotic pathways were found to contain non-synonymous mutations. Keratin8 coding for Keratin, a chief constituent of horn was observed to have the highest number of mutations. In all, we present a preliminary report of mutations observed in horn cancer.

Correlation between p53 and Mdm2 expression with histopathological parameters in cattle squamous cell carcinomas

“…Moreover, SCC can also be noticed in structures with stratified squamous epithelium and mucocutaneous junctions, such as the eyelids, the vulva, and the vagina [3]. Cattle SCC has been recognized worldwide as a significant cause of income loss due to its diagnosis, which excludes the cattle's meat from consumption after slaughter [4]. Although many carcinogenic factors are known to cause SCC, prolonged exposure to sunlight and its ultraviolet (UV) radiation seems to be a catalytic factor in developing this type of cancer [5].…”

Microbiome analysis reveals the effects of black soldier fly oil on gut microbiota in pigeon

“…With the development and application of new technologies such as macrogenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the sequencing and identification of gut microbiota have been well studied ( Cuccato et al, 2021 ; Durazzi et al, 2021 ). High-throughput sequencing technology has been successfully applied to the analysis of gut microbial communities in dairy cows, goats and other animals, and has made important contributions to the diagnosis and treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases ( Viale et al, 2017 ; Ma et al, 2018 ; Bhatia et al, 2020 ). We can better understand the composition and distribution of the gut microbiota of the pigeon through high-throughput sequencing of the gut microbiota of the pigeon.…”