Molecular Physiology of Mammalian Glucokinase

Iynedjian, Patrick B.

doi:10.1007/s00018-008-8322-9

Cited by 318 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 139 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

294

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Glucokinase is expressed in tissues with essential roles in the regulation of blood glucose levels, and mutations in this gene, MODY2 mutations, lead to diabetes (Printz et al, 1993b;Iynedjian, 1993Iynedjian, , 2009. Glucokinase is expressed in the liver, pancreatic islets, and select cells in the gut and the brain.…”

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucokinase is expressed in the liver, pancreatic islets, and select cells in the gut and the brain. In the liver glucokinase functions to regulate glucose metabolism, while in the pancreatic islets, intestinal cells and neurons it functions as a glucose sensor (Iynedjian, 1993(Iynedjian, , 2009Postic et al, 2001;Agius, 2008). As a key component of the glucose sensor in pancreatic islet beta-cells, glucokinase regulates the release on insulin in response to blood glucose levels (Postic et al, 2001;Agius, 2008).…”

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a key component of the glucose sensor in pancreatic islet beta-cells, glucokinase regulates the release on insulin in response to blood glucose levels (Postic et al, 2001;Agius, 2008). In intestinal and neuronal cells, glucokinase functions similarly to regulate responses of these tissues to changes in blood glucose levels (Iynedjian, 2009). To function as a glucose sensor, glucokinase must always be present in a cell, thus it can instantly respond to change in blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To function as a glucose sensor, glucokinase must always be present in a cell, thus it can instantly respond to change in blood glucose levels. In the liver, in contrast, glucokinase must only function when blood glucose levels are elevated; therefore its activity in these cells is regulated, where this is achieved at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional level (Iynedjian, 1993(Iynedjian, , 2009). …”

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little, if any, transcriptional regulation occurs at the upstream promoter that functions in pancreatic islet, intestinal and neuronal cells, likely due to these cells requiring a constant presence of glucokinase for glucose sensing (Postic et al, 2001;Iynedjian, 2009). In contrast, the liver-specific promoter is transcriptionally regulated, yielding glucokinase activity when blood glucose levels are elevated (Postic et al, 2001;Iynedjian, 1993Iynedjian, , 2009).…”

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Evolution of glucose utilization: Glucokinase and glucokinase regulator protein

Irwin

2014

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucose is an essential nutrient that must be distributed throughout the body to provide energy to sustain physiological functions. Glucose is delivered to distant tissues via be blood stream, and complex systems have evolved to maintain the levels of glucose within a narrow physiological range. Phosphorylation of glucose, by glucokinase, is an essential component of glucose homeostasis, both from the regulatory and metabolic point-of-view. Here we review the evolution of glucose utilization from the perspective of glucokinase. We discuss the origin of glucokinase, its evolution within the hexokinase gene family, and the evolution of its interacting regulatory partner, glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR). Evolution of the structure and sequence of both glucokinase and GCKR have been necessary to optimize glucokinase in its role in glucose metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and The Tissue-specific Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolution of glucose utilization: Glucokinase and glucokinase regulator protein

Irwin

2014

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Maintenance of liver glycogen during long‐term fasting preserves energy state in mice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glycogen shortage during fasting coincides with dramatic changes in hepatic adenine nucleotide levels. The aim of this work was to study the relevance of liver glycogen in the regulation of the hepatic energy state during food deprivation. To this end, we examined the response of mice with sustained increased liver glycogen content to prolonged fasting. In order to increase hepatic glycogen content, we generated mice that overexpress protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) in the liver (PTG OE mice). Control and PTG OE mice were fed ad libitum or fasted for 36 h. Upon fasting, PTG OE mice retained significant hepatic glycogen stores and maintained hepatic energy status. Furthermore, we show that liver glycogen controls insulin sensitivity, gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, and ketogenesis upon nutrient deprivation.

show abstract