Molecular phylogeny of the brachyuran crab superfamily Majoidea indicates close congruence with trees based on larval morphology

Hultgren, Kristin M.; Stachowicz, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.004

Cited by 60 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Although the monophyletism of some Majoidea families is still controversial [25][26][27], Mithracidae forms a monophyletic well-supported group [28 and references therein]. Because Mithracidae appears to be a cohesive group and the ovary development of the species studied here shows similar patterns in the macroscopic, histological, histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics in all developmental stages, we consider this pattern common to the family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphology and ultrastructure of the adult ovarian cycle in Mithracidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)

2017

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The ultrastructure of the ovary during development and yolk production is poorly known in Brachyura and Majoidea in particular. Here, we describe the histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of the adult ovarian cycle in four Mithracidae species from three different genera: Mithrax hispidus, Mithrax tortugae, Mithraculus forceps and Omalacantha bicornuta. All species showed a similar pattern of ovarian development and vitellogenesis. Macroscopically, we detected three stages of ovarian development: rudimentary (RUD), developing (DE) and mature (MAT); however, in histological and ultrastructural analyses, we identified four stages of development. The oocytes of the RUD stage, during endogenous vitellogenesis, have basophilic cytoplasm filled with dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. The reticulum lumen showed many granular to electron-dense materials among the different stages of development. The Golgi complexes were only observed in the RUD stage and are responsible for releasing vesicles that merge to the endogenous or immature yolk vesicles. At the early DE stage, the oolemma showed many coated and endocytic vesicles at the cortex. The endocytic vesicles merge with the endogenous yolk to form the exogenous or mature yolk vesicles, always surrounded by a membrane, characterizing exogenous vitellogenesis. The exogenous yolk vesicles comprise glycoproteins, showing only neutral polysaccharides. At the late DE stage, endocytosis still occurs, but the amount of endogenous yolk decreases while the exogenous yolk increases. The late DE stage is characterized by the beginning of chorion production among the microvilli. The MAT stage is similar to the late DE, but the endogenous yolk is restricted to a few cytoplasmic areas, the ooplasma is filled with exogenous yolk, and the oolemma has very few coated vesicles. In the MAT stage, the chorion is fully formed and shows two electron-dense layers. The ovarian development of the species studied has many similarities with the very little known Majoidea in terms of the composition, arrangement and increment of the yolk vesicles during oocyte maturation. The main differences are in the vitellogenesis process, where immature yolk formation occurs without the direct participation of the mitochondria but with the participation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the endogenous phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphology and ultrastructure of the adult ovarian cycle in Mithracidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)

2017

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“…All sequences were confirmed by sequencing both strands, and a consensus sequence for the two strands was obtained using the software Sequencher 4.5 (Gene Codes Corp). The sequences for another six specimens from four species were retrieved from Genbank (Hultgren & Stachowicz, 2008; Table 1). …”

Section: A T E R I a L S A N D M E T H O D Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decade, various phylogenetic studies have supported monophyly of the Brachyura and have begun to reveal internal relationships and clarify the position of this clade relative to other major, decapod lineages (Scholtz & Richter, 1995;Sturmbauer et al, 1996;Ahyong & O'Meally, 2004;Porter et al, 2005;Schubart et al, 2006). Recent studies also have uncovered an evolutionary history much more complex than originally recognized (Ahyong & O'Meally, 2004;Porter et al, 2005;Schubart et al, 2006;Ahyong et al, 2007;Hultgren & Stachowicz, 2008). Furthermore, some systematic studies, combined with behavioural and ecological observations, have exposed the evolutionary basis for most peculiar behaviours and the conditions favouring them (land colonization and subsequent evolution of cooperative behaviour in bromeliad dwelling crabs- Schubart et al, 1998; independent evolutionary origins of tree climbing behaviours- Fratini et al, 2005; increasing complexity of courtship through time- Sturmbauer et al, 1996; origins and evolutionary trade-offs associated with camouflage- Hultgren & Stachowicz, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, additional cladistic analyses with larval characters have been unable to support the monophyly of the Mithracinae and its position among other majoid lineages (Pohle & Marques, 2000). Comprehensive taxonomic studies, including adult morphology, larval characters, and molecular markers are needed to resolve outstanding systematic problems in the Mithrax -Mithraculus species complex and the Mithracinae (Hultgren & Stachowicz, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogeny of enigmatic Caribbean spider crabs from the Mithrax–Mithraculus species complex (Brachyura: Majidae: Mithracinae): ecological diversity and a formal test of genera monophyly

et al. 2009

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Crabs from the Mithrax-Mithraculus species complex are known for their diversity of lifestyles, habitats, and coloration. This group includes small, colourful, symbiotic species and much larger, reef-dwelling crabs targeted by fishermen. The evolutionary relationships between the species within this complex are not well-defined. Previous studies based upon morphological characters have proposed the separation of this complex into two genera (Mithrax and Mithraculus), but cladistic analyses based upon larval characters do not support this division. A molecular phylogeny of the group may help to resolve this longstanding taxonomic question and shed light on the ecological conditions driving the diversity of these crabs. Using a 550-bp alignment of the 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA segment we examined the phylogenetic relationships between 8 species within the Mithrax-Mithraculus complex native to the Caribbean. The resulting phylogeny indicates that this complex is paraphyletic, as it includes the genus Microphrys. The analyses revealed a well-supported, monophyletic group containing four species of Mithraculus (M. cinctimanus, M. coryphe, M. sculptus and M. forceps) and supported one pair of sister species from the genus Mithrax (M. caribbaeus and M. spinosissimus). No complete segregation of species, according to genera, was evident, however, from tree topologies. Bayesian-factor analyses revealed strong support for the unconstrained tree instead of alternative trees in which monophyly of the two genera was forced. Thus, the present molecular phylogeny does not support the separation of the species within this complex into the genera Mithrax and Mithraculus. A review of the literature demonstrated considerable phenotypic variation within monophyletic clades in this group.

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“…The larval morphology of species in Epialtidae, Inachidae, Inachoididae, Majidae and Oregoniidae has been used to propose relationships among families and subfamilies and to construct phylogenies. A recent molecular phylogeny supports several relationships predicted from larval, but not from adult, morphology, suggesting that the adult morphological characters traditionally used may be subject to convergence (Hultgren and Stachowicz 2008, and references therein). In fact, zoeal morphology may reflect phylogenetic relationships more accurately than adult morphology since the former live in a uniform planktonic environment subjected to relatively constant selection pressures, although it has been recognised that homoplasy is widespread in brachyuran zoeal lineages and many derived characters evolved many times in different clades (Clark 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The larval development of the spider crabRochinia gracilipes(Crustacea: Majoidea: Epialtidae: Pisinae) reared in the laboratory

Luppi

Spivak

2016

Journal of Natural History

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The larval development of the spider crab Rochinia gracilipes MilneEdwards, 1875 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialtidae: Pisinae) is described and illustrated from laboratory-reared larvae. Development consisted of two zoeal stages and one megalopa, following the typical pattern in Majoidea. Zoea I of R. gracilipes, R. debilis and R. carpenteri differed in lengths of the rostral spine of the carapace, in the number of setae and aesthetascs of several head appendages (exopods of antennules, endopods of maxillules, and endopods and scaphognathites of maxillae) and in the length of posterolateral processes of abdominal somites; lateral carapace spines were present only in R. carpenteri and pleopod buds only in R. debilis. Megalopae of Rochinia gracilipes and R. carpenteri differed in several notable characters: a dorsal spine and long rostrum of the carapace, as well as spines in coxa and ischium of pereiopods, appeared only in R. carpenteri, and podobranchiae of the 3rd maxilliped appeared only in R. gracilipes; they also differed in setation of abdomen and pleopods. The comparison of the available information on Pisinae larval development suggested that larval morphology would not help to accurately understand the phylogenetic relationships of this subfamily of spider crabs. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Molecular phylogeny of the brachyuran crab superfamily Majoidea indicates close congruence with trees based on larval morphology

Cited by 60 publications

References 60 publications

Morphology and ultrastructure of the adult ovarian cycle in Mithracidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)

Morphology and ultrastructure of the adult ovarian cycle in Mithracidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)

Molecular phylogeny of enigmatic Caribbean spider crabs from the Mithrax–Mithraculus species complex (Brachyura: Majidae: Mithracinae): ecological diversity and a formal test of genera monophyly

The larval development of the spider crabRochinia gracilipes(Crustacea: Majoidea: Epialtidae: Pisinae) reared in the laboratory

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