Molecular Mechanism of Action of the Male Sex Hormones

Minguell, José J.; Sierralta, Walter

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0650287

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(192 reference statements)

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“…Since the demonstration that testosterone can be reduced to its metabolite 5a-dihydrotestosterone or aromatized to oestrogens at target tissues within the central nervous system (Kniewald, Massa & Martini, 1970;Weisz & Gibbs, 1974;Minguell & Sierralta, 1975), there has been much interest in the possible roles of androgens and their naturally occurring metabolites in mediating 'androgendependent' behaviour. It has been shown that, while 5a-dihydrotestosterone will maintain the integrity of the reproductive tract in castrated rats, it cannot maintain sexual behaviour (McDonald et al, 1970;Feder, 1971; Whalen & Luttge, 1971); normal mounting and ejaculatory responses are, however, achieved after the simultaneous administration of small amounts of oestradiol (Baum & Vreeburg, 1973;Larsson, Södersten & Beyer, 1973;Feder, Naftolin & Ryan, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of androgens on sexual behaviour and somatic variables in the male golden hamster

Payne¹,

Bennett²

1976

Reproduction

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Comparisons were made of the sexual behaviour of sham-operated male hamsters and castrated males receiving testosterone, dihydrotestosterone or androstenedione (1-5 mg/week), or oil alone. Tests of short duration (10 min) were conducted at Week 3 (when the animals were sexually naive), Week 6 and Week 9. Sham-operated males showed marked increases in many elements of behaviour between Weeks 3 and 9, while castrated males receiving no androgen replacement showed marked decreases. Males receiving each of the three androgens showed marked increases in behaviour, but androstenedione-treated males showed less facilitation of sexual behaviour than controls. Dihydrotestosterone was as effective as testosterone. The three androgens were comparable in maintaining seminal vesicle weight after castration and in preventing the customary rise in pituitary and body weights. These data suggest that, unlike the situation in the rat, aromatization of androgens is unnecessary for the display of sexual behaviour in the hamster.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of androgens on sexual behaviour and somatic variables in the male golden hamster

Payne¹,

Bennett²

1976

Reproduction

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“…A renal androgen receplor has been identified and its affinity for a variety of steroids characterized [9,111. Androgenic effects are thought to be mediated via binding to the androgen receptor with subsequent activation of specific gene sites [12,17,181. Results of studies from our laboratory provide several lines of evidence to support this mechanism for the activation of DMN metabolizing enzymes: a) androgens induce a time-and dose-dependent response; b) (enzyme induction was limited to those compounds with androgenic activity and high affinity for the androgen receptor [4,9,111 ;and c) Tfm/Y mice, which lack effective sndrogen receptors [9] , were insensitive to the inducing effects of testosterone on renal enzymes despite normal enzyme activity in liver and lung [3] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of dimethylnitrosamine metabolism by androgenic hormones

et al. 1980

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Hormonal regulation of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) metabolism by mouse kidney microsomes was investigated using an in vitro mutagenesis system that detects bioactive metabolites of this procarcinogen by measuring reverse mutation in Salmonella typhimurium his- auxotrophs. Induction of microsomal DMN metabolizing enzymes was androgen-specific. Testosterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate were active inducers, d/1 norgestrel was less active, while epitestosterone, estradiol, and progesterone were ineffective. THe response to testosterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate was time-and dose-dependent. Eleven strains of inbred mice were screened for their response to exogenous testosterone. DMN metabolism was stimulated in all mouse strains except for RF/J mice. Other androgenic end points were responsive in the latter strain, however. These observations suggest that induction of renal microsomal DMN metabolising enzymes is androgen-specific and probably mediated via the androgen receptor. The insensitivity of RF/J mice may be due to a mutation affecting a key step in the enzymatic activation of DMN.

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“…muscle, kidney, bone marrow, testis and brain) testosterone itself may be the active hormone, current evidence favours the idea that testosterone acts on androgen-sensitive tissues via its metabolites, particularly dihydrotestosterone (as demonstrated in the mammalian prosstate, seminal vesicles, preputial gland, epididymis, skin and in the chick embryo cartilage and blastoderm). Although the molecular mechanism of steroid action, and of androgens in particular, is still unclear, there is sub stantial evidence to assert that the first step, or one of the first steps, in the action of steroids in the responsive tissues involves binding to specific high affinity cytoplasmic components [3]. The primary approach to confirm this fact can be found in the magnitude of specific steroid uptake by the tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen Uptake in the Epithelium of the Bovine Cornea

Ploc¹,

Šulcová²,

Stárka³

1978

Ophthalmic Res

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[³H]-testosterone and [³H]-dihydrotestosterone were incubated with epithelium of the bovine cornea in vitro at 0–2^oC. Active transport from the medium into the tissue was demonstrated in both instances.The specific uptake of [³H]-testosteronewas 34.9 pmol/mg protein and of [³H]-dihydrotestosterone 45.0 pmol/mg protein. The specific uptake related to the amount of the incubated steroid was approximately equal for both androgens investigated (0.79 or 0.85%).

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Molecular Mechanism of Action of the Male Sex Hormones

Cited by 32 publications

References 134 publications

Effects of androgens on sexual behaviour and somatic variables in the male golden hamster

Effects of androgens on sexual behaviour and somatic variables in the male golden hamster

Regulation of dimethylnitrosamine metabolism by androgenic hormones

Androgen Uptake in the Epithelium of the Bovine Cornea

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