Molecular identification of hemoplasmas in free ranging non–human primates in Thailand

Suksai, Parut; Kaewchot, Supakarn; Sereerak, Piya; Boonnan, Sirinan; Phimsin, Bongkotchamat; Jaruwattananon, Taksina; Raschasin, Kacharin; Kaewparuehaschai, Mutchamon; Siriphet, Sorraya; Bhusri, Benjaporn

doi:10.4103/1995-7645.262565

Cited by 2 publications

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“…However, the higher prevalence in male macaques was similar to other studies in various nonhuman primates from Brazil [ 22 ] and in long-tailed macaques from Thailand [ 16 ]. On the other hand, a higher prevalence in female macaques was reported in another study in long-tailed macaques from Thailand [ 15 ]. The odds ratio, which is a measure of the strength of association between two variables, was also calculated to compare the risk of infection between male and female macaques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…M. haematomacacae” infection in Assamese macaques in the current study was quite low. Compared with other studies in nonhuman primates, there have been reports of 100% (9/9) in Japanese macaques from Japan [ 14 ], 84.6% (44/52) and 55.1% (125/227) in long-tailed macaques from the USA and Thailand, respectively [ 13 , 15 ], and 65.7% (23/35) in rhesus macaques from Thailand [ 15 ]. However, the prevalence in this report was higher than another study in long-tailed macaques in Thailand (11.2%, 38/339) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…M. haematomacacae” in free-ranging Assamese macaques in Chiang Rai province in the north of Thailand which was similar with previous studies that detected “ Ca . M. haematomacacae” in various species of nonhuman primates in many regions of Thailand including long-tailed macaques [ 15 , 16 ] and rhesus macaques [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Thailand, previous reports indicated “ Ca. M. haematomacacae” infections in long-tailed macaques and rhesus macaques across several regions [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Hemotropic Mycoplasma in Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis) of Northern Thailand

Rucksaken,

Kaewchot,

Jarudecha

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine International

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Hemotropic mycoplasmas, also known as hemoplasmas, are parasitic bacteria that infect red blood cells, potentially leading to varying degrees of anemia across numerous mammalian species, including nonhuman primates. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of hemoplasma infection and identify the species involved among free-ranging Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis) inhabiting northern Thailand. A total of 133 blood samples were collected from Assamese macaques in Chiang Rai province, Thailand, and subjected to screening for hemoplasma infection utilizing nested PCR amplification targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Positive samples were subsequently analyzed through nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis for putative species identification. Current study results revealed that 17.3% (23/133; 95% CI 11.29-24.81) of Assamese macaques tested positive for hemoplasma infection using the nested PCR assay. Partial 16S rRNA sequences derived from hemoplasma isolates in Assamese macaques exhibited 99% homology, forming a cluster within the same phylogenetic clade as “Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomacacae,” previously identified in long-tailed macaques, rhesus macaques, and Japanese macaques. These findings suggest the presence of “Ca. M. haematomacacae” not only in long-tailed macaques and rhesus macaques but also in Assamese macaques in Thailand. To our knowledge, this marks the first molecular detection of “Ca. M. haematomacacae” in Assamese macaques in Thailand. These results hold significance as they enhance our understanding of hemoplasma infection distribution among macaque populations in Thailand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Thailand, previous reports indicated “ Ca. M. haematomacacae” infections in long-tailed macaques and rhesus macaques across several regions [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Hemotropic Mycoplasma in Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis) of Northern Thailand

Rucksaken,

Kaewchot,

Jarudecha

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine International

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Detection and genetic characterization of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque" infection among long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Thailand using broad-range nested polymerase chain reaction assay

Sricharern

Kaewchot²,

Kaewmongkol

et al. 2021

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Hemoplasmas are defined as small, epicellular parasitic bacteria that can infect the red blood cells of several mammalian species. Diseases caused by these bacteria range from asymptomatic infections to acute hemolytic anemia. However, data on hemoplasmas in non-human primates in Thailand remain to be limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of hemoplasmas among long-tailed macaques in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 339 long-tailed macaques in three provinces of Thailand. DNA was then extracted from the blood samples and tested for hemoplasma using broad-range nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the 16S rRNA gene. PCR-positive samples were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis for species identification was conducted. Results: In total, 38 (11.2%) out of the 339 samples were found to be positive for hemoplasmas, based on the broad-range nested PCR assay of the 16S rRNA gene. The 16S rRNA sequences of Mycoplasma spp. were highly similar (98-99% identity) to "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque." Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood demonstrated that the sequences were located in the same cluster of "Ca. M. haemomacaque." Conclusion: The detection of hemoplasmas among long-tailed macaques in Thailand is reported. Genetic characterization confirmed that these hemoplasmas are closely related to "Ca. M. haemomacaque." These results indicate that long-tailed macaques in several locations in Thailand may be infected and serve as reservoirs for this parasite.

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Molecular identification of hemoplasmas in free ranging non–human primates in Thailand

Cited by 2 publications

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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Hemotropic Mycoplasma in Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis) of Northern Thailand

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Hemotropic Mycoplasma in Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis) of Northern Thailand

Detection and genetic characterization of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque" infection among long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Thailand using broad-range nested polymerase chain reaction assay

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