Molecular Identification of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase and Integron Genes in Klebsiella pneumonia

Abstract

Introduction: Infections caused by Gram negative bacteria, producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase, including Klebsiella pneumoniae are increasing all over the world with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was determined antimicrobial profile susceptibility and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes by multiplex PCR. Methods: In the present study, we obtained one-hundred isolates of K. pneumoniae from different clinical samples. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was done in thirteen antibiotic and, therefore, M-PCRs were conducted using the DNA amplification for detection of ESBLs (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV) and int (I, II, III) genes. Results: The results of resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefotaxime, ampicillin, aztreonam, imipenem, gentamicin, ceftazidime, Cefepime, ceftriaxone and levofloxacin were obtained 37%, 37%, 93%, 84%, 52%, 87%, 59%, 8%, 24%, 67%, 52%, 43% and 26%, respectively. The frequency of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase K. pneumoniae was obtained 37%. The prevalence of resistance genes of ESBLs in the M-PCR method showed that the blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV were 38%, 24% and 19%, respectively, however, only 8 (8%) out of 100 isolates were found to have positive outcomes for the existence of class 1 integrons and there were no detected class 2 or class 3 integrons. Conclusions: Our results recommend the likely co-carriage of some ESBLs genes and antibiotic resistance integrons on the same plasmids harboring the MDR genes. Keywords: fKlebsiella pneumonia, integrons, drug resistance. | PubMed

Antibiotic resistance and detection of plasmid mediated colistin resistance mcr-1 gene among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples

“…In addition, reduced sensitivity towards cephalosporin and carbapenem antibiotics was observed in this study. High resistant rate towards cephalosporins was also reported in previous studies [ 50 , 52 , 62 , 63 ]. Multiple factors such as extensive use of drugs, production of beta-lactamases, or efflux pumps (which actively pump out these antibiotics) are attributable to the rise in the resistance against carbapenems [ 26 , 64 ].…”

Screening of Klebsiella Pneumoniae for Carbapenem Resistance and MIC of Imipenem

“…Similar to aminoglycosides, a wider range of variation was observed in the non-susceptibility of quinolones ranging from below 1% to greater than 90%. The study from Bulgaria, Italy and Romania was in line with our study, while from countries like Germany, Denmark, Iran, and India, the non-susceptibility rate was lower than our study [18,20,21]. Few studies from Nepal showed that the resistance rate is more than 85%, which is quite much than ours [22,24].…”

“…and 86%, respectively [19] while study from Iran and India, its resistance was found as 24% and 37.5%, respectively [20,21]. A slightly higher percentage, 41%, was pictured from Nepal [22] that is nearly equal to our study.…”

Screening of Carbapenem Resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae and its MIC against Imipenem

“…A study in the EU/EEA region showed that its resistance per cent ranges from below 1% to greater than 50 [19]. A comparative study from France and Algeria revealed that its resistance was 28% and 86%, respectively, [20] while in a study from Iran and India, the resistance rate was found to be 24% and 37.5%, respectively [21,22]. A slightly lower percentage, 41%, was observed in Nepal [23] which is nearly equal to our study.…”