Molecular epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated from 1991 to 2013 in Taiwan

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first identified in Taiwan in 1991, but the genetic diversity and evolution of PRRSV has not been thoroughly investigated over the past 20 years. The aim of this study was to bridge the gap in understanding of its molecular epidemiology. A total of 31 PRRSV strains were collected and sequenced. The sequences were aligned using the MUSCLE program, and phylogenetic analysis were performed by the maximum-likelihood method and the neighbor-joining method using MEGA 5.2 software. In the early 1990s, two prototype strains, WSV and MD001 of the North American genotype, were first identified. Over the years, both viruses evolved separately. The population dynamics of PRRSV revealed that the strains of the MD001 group were predominant in Taiwan. Evolution was manifested in changes in the nsp2 and ORF5 genes. In addition, a suspected newly invading exotic strain was recovered in 2013, suggesting that international spread is still taking place and that it is affecting the population dynamics. Overall, the results provide an important basis for vaccine development for the control and prevention of PRRS.

Two novel recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses belong to sublineage 3.5 originating from sublineage 3.2

“…FJ‐1 (2005) detected in Fujian Province in southern China was classified into sublineage 3.2, which was closely related to the strains NT (2000), TY1 (2000) and TD1 (1997) from Taiwan (Figure ) (Deng et al, ). FJ‐1 isolate was the first strain to emerge in Fujian Province in southern China in 2005.…”

Emergence of a virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Taiwan in 2018

“…The complete open reading frame 5 (ORF5) genes and partial NSP2 genes were amplified as previous studies with some primer modifications for Taiwanese PRRSV, Nsp2‐F3: 5′‐GAR‐GAG‐GTS‐RSR‐RVW‐AAR‐ATT‐G‐3′; Nsp2‐R3: 5′‐CCR‐CCH‐GWG‐TCR‐ATG‐ATG‐GCT‐TG‐3′, respectively (Deng et al, ; Zhang et al, ). The correct size amplicons were cloned into a TA cloning vector (Yeastern Biotech, Taipei, Taiwan).…”

“…The complete open reading frame 5 (ORF5) genes and partial NSP2 genes were amplified as previous studies with some primer modifications for Taiwanese PRRSV, Nsp2-F3: 5′-GAR-GAG-GTS- (Deng et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2017).…”

Genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of natural recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 harboring genes of a Korean field strain and VR-2332-like strain

“…PCR was conducted to amplify eight overlapping fragments using Takara Ex Taq (TaKaRa Bio, Shiga, Japan). Primers used in this study were based on a previous study with some modifications (Deng et al, 2015). The 5′ and 3′ ends of genome of the virus were determined using classical rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) (Scotto-Lavino et al, 2006a, 2006b.…”