Molecular epidemiology ofPaenibacillus larvae larvaeand incidence of American foulbrood in Argentinean honeys from Buenos Aires province

Inhibition of the growth of Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood of honeybees, by selected strains of aerobic spore-forming bacteria isolated from apiarian sources

“…subtilis, B. megaterium, B. licheniformis, B. cereus, B. pumilus, and B. laterosporus have been reported as normal microorganisms associated with honeybees and honey (Alippi, 1995;Alippi et al, 2004;Gilliam, 1978Gilliam, , 1979Gilliam and Prest, 1978;Gilliam and Valentine, 1976). The ability of these spore-forming species to inhibit diVerent fungi and bacteria by secreting antibiotics with antimicrobial properties, antibiotic-like compounds, bacteriocins, or antifungal compounds has been well documented Barnes, 1949;Feignier et al, 1995;Gálvez et al, 1993;Holland, 1961;Katz and Demain, 1977;Leifert et al, 1995;Martinari et al, 2002;Oscáriz et al, 1999;Stabb et al, 1994;Thimon et al, 1992).…”

“…All bacteria used in this study were either received as a culture or isolated from apiarian sources. The strains of P. larvae were obtained from AFB diseased larvae or isolated from honey as previously described (Alippi and Aguilar, 1998a;Alippi et al, 2004). The potential antagonists were isolated from brood combs as previously described (Alippi and Aguilar, 1998b) or from honey.…”

American Foulbrood in honeybees and its causative agent, Paenibacillus larvae

“…Using BOX primers on Argentinean samples resulted in three or four banding patterns discriminated by a band of round 500 bp (Alippi and Aguilar, 1998a,b). Later, the discriminating band was described to migrate around 700 bp (Alippi et al, 2004b) and the patterns of the proposed genotypes A, B, C, and D were quite distinct from those shown in earlier studies indicating problems with intralaboratory reproducibility. On the other hand, the discriminating band of around 700 bp in the BOX pattern correlated with results obtained in different laboratories with independent collections of German (Genersch and Otten, 2003;Peters et al, 2006) and Austrian P. larvae isolates (Loncaric et al, 2009) suggesting that it is possible to optimize this method to achieve even interlaboratory reproducibility.…”

In vitro and in vivo susceptibility of the honeybee bacterial pathogen Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae to the antibiotic tylosin

“…For the isolation of P.l. larvae strains from larvae affected by AFB and from honey samples, previously described techniques were employed (Alippi, 1995;Alippi and Aguilar, 1998;Alippi et al, 2004). In addition, reference strains from culture collections were included, and also strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus used as reference standards for quality control ranges of MICs were provided by Instituto Malbrán Collection, Instituto Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Table 1).…”