Molecular epidemiology of aminoglycosides resistance in Acinetobacter spp. with emergence of multidrug-resistant strains in hospitalized patients in Iran

Abstract

Background:Acinetobacter spp. is characterized as an important nosocomial pathogen and increasing antimicrobial resistance. Our aim was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility and aminoglycosides resistance genes of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from hospitalized patients.Methods:Sixty isolates were identified as Acinetobacter species. The isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance by disc diffusion method for 12 antimicrobials. The presence of aphA6, aacC1 aadA1, and aadB genes were detected using PCR.Results:From the isolated Acinetobacter spp. the highest resistance rate showed against amikacin, tobramycin, and ceftazidim, respectively; while isolated bacteria were more sensitive to ampicillic/subactam. More than 66% of the isolates were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics, and 27.5% of MDR strains were resistant to all seven tested classes of antimicrobials. The higher MDR rate presented in bacteria isolated from the ICU and blood samples. More than 60% of the MDR bacteria were resistance to amikacin, ceftazidim, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, doxycycline, tobramycin and levofloxacin. Also, more than 60% of the isolates contained phosphotransferase aphA6, and acetyltransferase genes aacC1, but adenylyltransferase genes aadA1 (41.7%), and aadB (3.3%) were less prominent. 21.7% of the strains contain three aminoglycoside resistance genes (aphA6, aacC1 and aadA1).Conclusion:The rising trend of resistance to aminoglycosides poses an alarming threat to treatment of such infections. The findings showed that clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. in our hospital carrying various kinds of aminoglycoside resistance genes.

Antibiotic Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Samples and Production of Recombinant OmpA from Resistant Strains

“…It is necessary to mention that some of these patterns were comparable with other previously reported patterns in different countries or even Iran. For example, resistance to tobramycin and gentamicin in the current study was similar to the rates reported by previous studies in Iran (35,36). The emergence of such MDR and PDR pathogens is a serious crisis in the medical community, an issue that could be solved through development of novel medications.…”

Prevalence and sequence of aminoglycosides modifying enzymes genes among E.coli and Klebsiella species isolated from Egyptian hospitals

“…More than 60% of Acinetobacter sp. isolates in Iran contained phosphotransferase aphA6 and acetyltransferase genes aacC1,but adenyltransferase genes aadA(41.7%) and aadB(3.3%) were less prominent 21.7% of the strains contain three aminoglycoside resistance genes(aphA6,aacC1 and aadA1) (Moniri et al, 2010).…”

“…Many of AME genes are wide spread in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and A. baumanni isolates (Hujer, Hujer, Hulten, Bajaksouzian, & Adams, 2006;Doi & Arakowa, 2007;Dubois, Arpin, Dupart, Scavelli, & Coulange, 2008;Moniri, Farahani, Shajar, NazemShirazi, & Ghasemi, 2010;Aghazadeh et al, 2013) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (Haldorsen, Simonsen, & Sundsfiord, 2014) and in Acinetobater spp.,E.coli, Klebsiella spp.…”

Comparison of the Antibacterial Effects of Nanosilverwith18 Antibiotics on Multidrug Resistance Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

“…moniri (19) showed 60% resistance against amikacin, ceftazidim, and ciprofloxacin. There is a common significance to all these articles and that is their alarming results about the high resistance of A. baumannii against many used antibiotics.…”