Molecular diagnosis of equid summer sores

Traversa, Donato; Iorio, Raffaella; Petrizzi, Lucio; Amicis, Ippolito De; Brandt, Sabine; Meana, Aránzazu; Giangaspero, Annunziata; Otranto, Domenico

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.025

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gastric habronemosis is characterized by a chronic catarrhal gastritis with symptoms of varying degrees of severity, such as anorexia/dysorexia, digestive disorders, diarrhea, progressive weight loss, ulcers, and postprandial colics [119]. Larvae deposited on mucous membranes (vulvae, prepuce, eye) or on injured tissues cannot complete their life cycle; however, they induce a local inflammatory reaction with strong eosinophilia causing cutaneous “summer sores” and/or ophthalmic habronemosis [118, 130]. …”

Section: Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of pathogens byStomoxysflies (Diptera, Muscidae): a review

et al. 2013

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Stomoxys flies are mechanical vectors of pathogens present in the blood and skin of their animal hosts, especially livestock, but occasionally humans. In livestock, their direct effects are disturbance, skin lesions, reduction of food intake, stress, blood loss, and a global immunosuppressive effect. They also induce the gathering of animals for mutual protection; meanwhile they favor development of pathogens in the hosts and their transmission. Their indirect effect is the mechanical transmission of pathogens. In case of interrupted feeding, Stomoxys can re-start their blood meal on another host. When injecting saliva prior to blood-sucking, they can inoculate some infected blood remaining on their mouthparts. Beside this immediate transmission, it was observed that Stomoxys may keep some blood in their crop, which offers a friendly environment for pathogens that could be regurgitated during the next blood meal; thus a delayed transmission by Stomoxys seems possible. Such a mechanism has a considerable epidemiological impact since it allows inter-herd transmission of pathogens. Equine infectious anemia, African swine fever, West Nile, and Rift Valley viruses are known to be transmitted by Stomoxys, while others are suspected. Rickettsia (Anaplasma, Coxiella), other bacteria and parasites (Trypanosoma spp., Besnoitia spp.) are also transmitted by Stomoxys. Finally, Stomoxys was also found to act as an intermediate host of the helminth Habronema microstoma and may be involved in the transmission of some Onchocerca and Dirofilaria species. Being cosmopolite, Stomoxys calcitrans might have a worldwide and greater impact than previously thought on animal and human pathogen transmission.

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Section: Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of pathogens byStomoxysflies (Diptera, Muscidae): a review

et al. 2013

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“…1,5,[29][30][31][32][33] The use of ivermectins in worming programs has decreased the incidence considerably. 1,5,[29][30][31][32][33] The use of ivermectins in worming programs has decreased the incidence considerably.…”

Section: Habronemiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Diseases

Scott

2011

Equine Dermatology

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“…The molecular characterization of the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of H. microstoma and H. muscae provided genetic markers (Traversa et al 2004a) for their diagnostic PCR-based discrimination with a semi-nested approach, that has been applied for the in vivo molecular diagnosis of gastric (Traversa et al 2004b) and cutaneous (Traversa et al 2007a) habronemosis. Conversely, no information is available on regions within the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of H. microstoma and H. muscae, despite the fact that mtDNA genes may be useful for basic and applied studies on the Spirurida Order.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Spirurida: Habronematidae) within the order Spirurida inferred using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene analysis

Iorio

Šlapeta

Otranto³

et al. 2008

Parasitol Res

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The present study investigated genetic variability within a population of Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Spirurida: Habronematidae) affecting horses in an endemic area of central Italy using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-coupled sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1). No different cox1 sequences were detected in any of the H. muscae individual, while two haplotypes representing H. microstoma individuals differed for one substitution. The pairwise distance between the H. muscae and H. microstoma was 11%, coding for five amino acid changes. The sequence of an informative region within the cox1 gene of H. microstoma and H. muscae was analyzed by Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic methods using available mitochondrial sequences spirurid taxa belonging to Filarioidea, Thelazioidea, and Habronematoidea. Phylogenetic analysis supported the split of the tree into two sister spirurid groups, Habronematoidea and Filarioidea + Thelazioidea. The phylogenetic and evolutionary implications of Habronema with Filaroidea and Thelazioidea are discussed.

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Molecular diagnosis of equid summer sores

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Transmission of pathogens byStomoxysflies (Diptera, Muscidae): a review

Transmission of pathogens byStomoxysflies (Diptera, Muscidae): a review

Parasitic Diseases

Phylogenetic relationships of Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Spirurida: Habronematidae) within the order Spirurida inferred using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene analysis

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